Yini I-Bitcoin Empeleni

I-Bitcoin akuyona inkampani, isabelo noma uhlamvu lwemali ongayibamba ngesandla sakho. Kuyisethi yemithetho izinkulungwane zamakhompyutha azimele ezivumayo ukuzisebenzisa ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi into leyo mithetho evikelayo ibhukwana lokuthi ngubani ophethe ini. Thola lowo mbono owodwa uqonde futhi zonke izihloko ezimayelana neBitcoin ziyeka ukuba nomsindo. Lena impendulo ecacile engiyinikeza amakhasimende ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume ngenani, imali yokugcina impahla noma irandi, ngoba konke okunye kuncike ekwazini ukuthi leyo nto iyini ngempela.

Ngibuzwa njalo lokhu. Ematafuleni esidlo sakusihlwa e-George, lapho ufonelwa namakhasimende, ngabeluleki engibahloniphayo asebephathe imali yabanye abantu iminyaka engamashumi amathathu futhi abaziyo ukuthi kukhona abashoda ngakho.

"Kodwa yini James?" Izimpendulo abanikezwe zona ngokuvamile azisizi ngalutho. Imali yedijithali. Impahla yokuqagela. Imali ye-inthanethi. Akukho kulokhu okukutshela ukuthi kungani i-Bitcoin ihluke ekulingiseni okuyinkulungwane okwayilandela, ngakho-ke ake ngikunikeze impendulo yangempela, ngezendlalelo, ngiqale ngeyodwa abantu abaningi abeqayo.

Qala nge-Ileja, hhayi uhlamvu lwemali

Ayikho into efana nefayela le-bitcoin elihlezi ku-hard drive kwenye indawo. Lapho abantu bebona uhlamvu lwemali, babona into engalungile. Okukhona ngempela ileja, irekhodi elilodwa elabiwe lakho konke okwenziwayo, kusukela kubhulokhi yokuqala ngoJanuwari 2009 kuya enkokhelweni ekhokhwe namhlanje ekuseni. Ibhalansi yakho ayiyona into onayo. Ukufakwa kulelo rekhodi, futhi irekhodi lithi inani elithile lingasetshenziswa kuphela yinoma ubani ophethe ukhiye othile. I-Bitcoin yilelo bhukwana kanye nemithetho enquma ukuthi yini engabhalwa kuyo.

Yingakho izifaniso zemali endala zihluleka. Uhlamvu lwegolide luyinto. Irandi liyinto. I-bitcoin yinto yomugqa encwadini amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu abangabazi abagcina ikhophi efanayo, ngamunye ehlola abanye, akekho kubo ophethe. Uma umqondo usufikile okunye kuqondile.

Inethiwekhi, iphrothokholi kanye nefa

Kuyasiza ukuhlukanisa izinto ezintathu igama elithi Bitcoin elizenzayo ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba enkulumweni evamile siyazigcoba ndawonye bese sizibuza ukuthi kungani into ibonakala ishelela.

Inethiwekhi iyisendlalelo esibonakalayo, imishini. Amashumi ezinkulungwane zamakhompiyutha emhlabeni jikelele, axhumene nontanga, adlulisa ukuthengiselana namabhulokhi kwelinye kungenaso isiphakeli esimaphakathi nendawo futhi akukho ndlunkulu okufanele igasele. Iphrothokholi iyincwadi yemithetho esebenzayo ngayinye yaleyo mishini: indlela okwenziwa ngayo umsebenzi ovumelekile, ukuthi amabhlogo ahlangana kanjani, zingaki izinhlamvu zemali ezingake zibe khona. Futhi impahla yi-bitcoin imali, amayunithi amathrekhi weleja, into onayo ngempela. Igama elifanayo, imisebenzi emithathu. Inethiwekhi ihambisa idatha, iphrothokholi isho ukuthi yini esemthethweni futhi impahla yiyona yonke ilungiselelo elakhelwe ukuvikela.

Akekho ophethe noma iyiphi yayo. Alikho ihhovisi elikhulu leBitcoin ngendlela okukhona ngayo iReserve Bank ePitoli noma iJohannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) eSandton, alikho ibhodi lokunxenxa futhi asikho isikhulu esiphezulu esingancika kuso ukuze siguqule imithetho.

Kwaqala nge-Halloween 2008

Isikhathi akubanga ngengozi. Mhla zingama-31 kuMfumfu wezi-2008, ngokuwohloka kohlelo lwamabhange omhlaba phakathi nokuwa kanye nohulumeni bephikisana ngokutakulwa kwezigidigidi zamadola, umthuthukisi ongaziwa osebenzisa igama elithi Satoshi Nakamoto washicilela iphepha elinamakhasi ayisishiyagalolunye elinesihloko esithi "Bitcoin: A Ontanga Imali ye-elektronikhi System." Ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva inethiwekhi yaba bukhoma, futhi kulelo bhulokhi lokuqala uNakamoto wabhala umugqa wephephandaba: "I-Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor onqenqemeni lokukhishwa kwesibili kwamabhange." Isitembu sesikhathi kanye nesinqumo emshweni owodwa. I-Bitcoin yakhiwe njengempendulo ohlelweni olwalusanda kwehluleka, hhayi njengobuchwepheshe obufuna ukusetshenziswa. Uma ufuna indaba ende yokuthi kungani imali ezwakalayo iqhubeka nokushintshwa kuwo wonke umlando, ngiyibeke phakathi kungani kanye nomlando wemali, futhi lesi siqeshana sihlala kulokho into eyikho kunokuba kungani ikhona.

Inkinga okwakumele ixazulule

Imali yeDigital yayike yazanywa ngaphambilini futhi yayilokhu ifela etsheni elilodwa. Kopisha isithombe futhi manje kunezithombe ezimbili ezifanayo. Yenza lokho ngemali futhi ungasebenzisa uhlamvu lwemali olufanayo kabili, okusho ukuthi akekho ongathemba inkokhelo yedijithali ngaphandle komuntu ogcina amaphuzu amaphakathi. Ngakho-ke yonke imizamo yangaphambili yayincika enkampanini ephakathi ukuze ivimbele lokho kuchithwa okuphindwe kabili, futhi ngayinye yalezo zinkampani yayingavalwa, igqekezwe noma kuncike kuyo.

USatoshi wasusa phakathi. Esikhundleni segunya elithenjwayo kwavela ubufakazi bomsebenzi, uhlelo lapho amakhompiyutha echitha khona ugesi wangempela ukuze engeze amabhulokhi encwadini, futhi iketango elithwala umsebenzi oqoqwe kakhulu libhekwa njengeqiniso. Ukubhala kabusha umlando kungasho ukuchitha yonke inethiwekhi ethembekile, eyonakalisa ngamabomu. Leyo yimpumelelo abacwaningi ababeyijahe amashumi eminyaka, futhi ngichaza umshini kahle ubufakazi bomsebenzi, kuchazwe.

Kungani 21 million, futhi kungani ibambe

Kuyoke kube nama-bitcoins ayizigidi ezingama-21 kuphela. Hhayi 22 million. Akusona isibalo umbusi asibuyekeza buthule lapho impi noma ibheyili idinga uxhaso. Inombolo ibhalwe kuphrothokholi futhi ayikaze isuke.

Ukugcina imali isetshenziswa kuleyo cap, i-bitcoin ngayinye ihlukanisa ibe amayunithi amancane ayizigidi eziyi-100 abizwa ngokuthi ama-satoshis, ngakho-ke ithuluzi elifanayo likhokhela ukuthengwa kwekhulu lamarandi kanye nekhulu lezigidi zamarandi eyodwa. Izinhlamvu zemali ezintsha zingena ngokumbiwa kwezimayini, ohlelweni oluhlukanisa umvuzo cishe njalo eminyakeni emine kuze kube yilapho ukukhishwa kuyema ngokuphelele ngonyaka ka-2140. Ngo-2009 ibhulokhi yakhokha i-bitcoin engu-50. Ngemuva kokwehliswa kuka-Ephreli 2024 ikhokha u-3.125, futhi ngama-2030 izobe isingaphansi kweyodwa. Amaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye awo wonke uhlamvu lwemali oluyoke lube khona kakade sekumbiwa, ngakho umhlaba usuhlangabezane cishe nakho konke ukunikezwa oyoke ukubone. Ayikho i-spike yokufuna esheshisa lokho. Abukho ubunzima obuyikhululayo. Qhathanisa lokho nohlangothi lwefiat, lapho ukutholakala kwemali e-United States kukhule ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi amane eminyakeni emithathu ngemuva kukaMashi 2020 futhi akekho owacelwa ukuthi avotele. Lapho imali entsha idaliwe, ihlanza wonke amayunithi asevele ebanjwe. Ibhalansi yakho yasebhange ifundeka ngokufanayo futhi ithenga kancane. I-Bitcoin ayikwazi ukuhlanjululwa ngaleyo ndlela, futhi isizathu esingenakukwazi ukuyiqonda, ngoba ayisona isithembiso. Ukuphoqelela.

Ubani osebenzisa imithetho uma kungekho muntu ophethe

Lena ingxenye ekhuba abantu. Ibuye ibaluleke kakhulu.

Imithetho isetshenziswa ngamanodi agcwele. I-node egcwele iwucezu lwesofthiwe noma ubani angalusebenzisa kukhompuyutha evamile, futhi lenza umsebenzi owodwa onenkani: igcina yonke incwadi, ihlola konke okwenziwayo nawo wonke amabhulokhi ngokumelene nephrothokholi, futhi yenqaba noma yini ephula imithetho. Ibhulokhi elizama ukuhlanganisa izinhlamvu zemali ezengeziwe, noma ukusebenzisa imali kabili, likhishwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ama-Node awakhathali ukuthi umvukuzi unamandla kangakanani noma ukuthi yimalini ebangela ushintsho. Bamane benqabe amabhlogo angavumelekile, emashumini ezinkulungwane zabo, ngesikhathi esifanayo, emhlabeni wonke. Ukuze uguqule izakhiwo eziyinhloko ze-Bitcoin uzodinga iningi elikhulu lalabo opharetha abazimele ukuthi bafake ngokuzithandela isofthiwe ehlukile, yingakho yonke imizamo yokushintsha i-cap yehlulekile. Ukwabiwa kwamazwe lapha akusona isiqubulo. Kuyindlela yokuphoqelela, futhi yiphuzu lonke.

Indlela oyiphethe ngayo: okhiye, hhayi ama-akhawunti

Ubunikazi busebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunebhange, futhi kulapho umuntu waseNingizimu Afrika owake waba ne-akhawunti yasebhange kuphela kufanele alungise ukucabanga okukodwa. Ayikho i-akhawunti enegama lakho kuyo. Kunokhiye oyimfihlo, inombolo eyimfihlo ekhethwe ngokungahleliwe, futhi noma ubani ophethe lowo khiye angasebenzisa izinhlamvu zemali ezinikezwe incwadi.

Kukhiye oyimfihlo isofthiwe ithola ukhiye osesidlangalaleni, futhi kusukela kulelo kheli ungakwazi ukwabelana ngokuphephile ukuze uthole imali. Izibalo zihamba ngendlela eyodwa kuphela. Ungakwazi ukukhiqiza uhlangothi lomphakathi ohlangothini oluyimfihlo, ungalokothi uhlehle, ngakho-ke unikeza ikheli elizokhokhelwa ngaphandle kokudalula imfihlo esetshenziswayo. Uma uthumela i-bitcoin usayina umsebenzi ngokhiye wakho oyimfihlo, futhi noma iyiphi i-node kunethiwekhi ingaqinisekisa ukuthi isiginesha iyiqiniso ngaphandle kokubona ukhiye ngokwawo. Bamba ukhiye ngokwakho bese ubamba imali ngokuqondile, okwenza i-bitcoin ibe yimpahla yomphathi ngomqondo omdala waleli gama, eduze nokheshi esisefeni kunebhalansi ibhange elikukweleta yona. Ngihamba kulokho okushiwo lobo bunikazi obuqondile, kanye nalokho obukufuna kuwe, phakathi I-Bitcoin njengempahla ephethe. Lahla ukhiye futhi izinhlamvu zemali zihambile unomphela, yingakho nje ukugcina kuyisiyalo hhayi ukucabangela kamuva.

Kungani umklamo ubalwa ngerandi

Kumuntu waseNingizimu Afrika impikiswano engaqondakali mayelana nokunikezwayo ayiyona into engabonakali nhlobo. Irandi selilahlekelwe ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa yenani lalo uma liqhathaniswa nedola laseMelika eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, ngaphakathi kohlaka iBhangengodla eligijima cishe kanye nanoma iyiphi intanga yemakethe esafufusa. Yileyo ngxenye engaxazululi. Ukuvuza kwakuwumsebenzi womklamo, ongahluleki. Izinqumo ezithathwe e-Washington zenza izindleko zekhephithali ezizwakala eGoli, futhi akukho bungako bobuhlakani bendawo obushintsha izibalo zemali engahlala inwetshwa.

I-Bitcoin iphendula ngokuthi ngempahla ayikho irandi futhi ayikho i-akhawunti yaphesheya kwezilwandle enganikeza: isabelo sakho konke ongeke ukhishwe kuwe. Uphethe uhlamvu lwemali olulodwa futhi ungumnikazi wengxenye emisiwe yesigidi esingamashumi amabili nanye sayo yonke into eyoke ibe khona, kulo nyaka nangekhulu leminyaka. Leyo ngxenyana ayisona isilungiselelo senqubomgomo noma ubani angaphinde asivakashele futhi alikho ikomiti elingavotela ucezu lwakho lube luncane. Amakhasimende akuqondayo ayayeka ukubuza ukuthi i-bitcoin eyodwa ibiza malini ngamarandi futhi aqale ukubuza ukuthi ingakanani imali engaguquki ayongayo engaqongelela kuyilapho ishibhile. Uma ufuna icala lemali eligcwele kunomakakhenikha, lihlala phakathi I-Bitcoin njengemali ezwakalayo.

Yini i-Bitcoin engekho

I-Bitcoin ayiyona i-crypto ngokuvamile. Yimpahla eyodwa kuleyo nkundla enokushoda kwangempela, ukwabiwa kwamazwe kwangempela kanye neminyaka engaphezu kweshumi nanhlanu yokuqinisekisa ukuphepha okuqinisekisiwe, futhi izinkulungwane zamathokheni eziboleke amagama alo zingamathuluzi ahlukene anezingozi ezihlukene. Uma othile ekutshela ukuthi i-crypto iyikhasino ngokuvamile uqinisile mayelana neningi layo. Abalungile ngeBitcoin, futhi umehluko awukona ukumaketha.

Ayiphuli futhi uma intengo yehla. Ukungaguquguquki umsindo wemakethe evulekele intengo yempahla encane engenalo ibhange elimaphakathi elishelelayo, hhayi iphutha ekwakhiweni. Futhi akulona iqhinga lokuceba ngoLwesihlanu. Ngiyayibamba, futhi ngisize amakhasimende ayibambe, ngoba iyimali enzima kakhulu eyakhiwe ngabantu, eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi futhi ayikaze ithathe indawo yerandi lale nyanga.

Impendulo emfushane

I-Bitcoin iyileja okwabelwana ngayo, evikelwe umthetho olandelwayo, esebenza kunethiwekhi okungekho muntu olawulayo, ephethe impahla okungekho muntu onganciphisa izinhlamvu zemali ezidlule eziyizigidi ezingu-21. Ungumnikazi wesabelo sakho ngokubamba ukhiye. Ayikaze igcwale umoya, ayikaze ivalwe phakathi nendawo futhi ayikaze ifakwe isivalo sayo phakathi neminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu abantu bezama.

Akulona ikusasa lemali. Yimali evele iyasebenza, futhi umbuzo wangempela ukuthi kungani abantu ababucayi bengakabhekisisi okwamanje.