Ukuzigcina Ngokuzimele Kuqhathaniswa Nokugcinwa Kwemali Yokushintshaniswa: Lokho Okufanele Wonke Umnikazi We-Bitcoin WaseNingizimu Afrika Akuqonde
Uma uthenga i-Bitcoin ekuhwebeni bese uyishiya lapho, awubambi i-Bitcoin. Unesimangalo ngokumelene nokushintshisana. Ukushintshana kubambe i-Bitcoin. Lo mehluko akuwona ubuchwephesha. Kuwumgomo oyisisekelo wobunikazi be-Bitcoin kanye nesiqalo sokucabanga ngokucacile ngokugcinwa.
Ukhiye wokuthatha
Umlando wokwehluleka kokushintshisana wenza iphuzu libonakale. I-Mt Gox yabhidlika ekuqaleni kuka-2014 njengoba ilinganiselwa ku-850,000 Bitcoin okungeyamakhasimende, futhi i-FTX yasula izimpahla zamakhasimende ngoNovemba 2022 ngaphandle kokugetshengwa nganoma yimuphi umqondo wezobuchwepheshe. Kuzo zombili izimo amaklayenti ayekholelwa ukuthi abambe i-Bitcoin lapho ayekubambe kuyisimangalo ngokumelene nenhlangano ehlulekile. Ukuzibamba kususa leyo ngozi yomunye futhi kukunikeza isisindo esigcwele somthwalo wemfanelo. I-multisig ehlanganyelwayo engu-2-of-3 ihlala phakathi kwakho kokubili, isusa iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka kokubili ukuzibamba okumsulwa kanye nelungelo lokushintshana eliphethwe.
Umehluko owodwa isinqumo sonke sincike kuwo
Imibuzo emibili inquma konke okulandelayo. Ubani ophethe izihluthulelo, futhi kwenzekani ku-Bitcoin yakho ngosuku iqembu eliziphethe lihluleka. Ukushintshaniswa kwelungelo lokuhlala nokuzigcina kunikeza izimpendulo eziphambene, futhi ukuqhathanisa okuqotho akukhona mayelana nokuthi yikuphi okuphephe kakhudlwana ku-abstract kodwa mayelana nokuthi iyiphi isethi yezingozi ezilingana nemali ephambi kwakho.
Ukushintshana kuphethe okhiye. Ubambe ukungena ngemvume kanye nebhalansi eziphatha njengeyakho kuze kube yilapho ingakwenzi. Ukuzibamba kubeka okhiye ezandleni zakho, okususa ukushintshana esithombeni ngokuphelele futhi kumiselele ubungozi bakho ngesiyalo sakho. Akukho kulokhu okumahhala. Omunye ukucela ukuthi uthembele inkampani. Enye ikucela ukuthi uzethembe wena, izipele zakho kanye nenkumbulo yakho yesikhathi esizayo. Iningi labantu baseNingizimu Afrika engihlangana nabo alikaze lifake ukukhetha ngendlela esobala, ngoba uhlelo lokusebenza lokushintshisana lwenza ukushiya izinhlamvu zemali lapho kuzwakale njengokuzenzakalelayo kunokuba kube yisinqumo.
Kuyisinqumo. Ethule, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ozoyenza mayelana nempahla.
Kuyini ukugcinwa kokushintshisana empeleni
Lapho i-Bitcoin ihlezi ekuhwebeni i-exchange ingumgcini. Une-akhawunti, ibhalansi kanye nemininingwane yokufinyelela, futhi ungangena noma nini lapho uthanda ukubuka inombolo. Okhiye abayimfihlo, nokho, baphethwe ukushintshana, futhi ukufinyelela kwakho kuncike kulokho kushintshana kuhlala kusebenza, kuncibilikisiwe, kuthembekile futhi kufinyeleleka ngokomthetho. Ngokomthetho ungumkweletisi ongavikelekile wenkampani ezimele. Ibhalansi kuhlelo lokusebenza isithembiso, hhayi uhlamvu lwemali.
Ngesikhundla esincane noma umkhathizwe omfushane leso sithembiso sinengqondo ukwamukela. Ukuhwebelana kwaseNingizimu Afrika okunelayisensi kusebenza ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-FSCA, ngemithetho yokuhlukaniswa kwempahla yeklayenti okuhloswe ngayo ukugcina i-Bitcoin yakho ihlukile ku-balance sheet yokuhwebelana, futhi lokho kwehlukana kuyisivikelo sangempela umqhubi ongenalayisensi angeke akwazi ukusinikeza. Inkinga ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa ephepheni kanye nokuhlukaniswa ekusebenzeni kuyinto efanayo kuphela ngenkathi opharetha ethembekile futhi encibilika. I-Counterparty risk yigama legebe phakathi kwalezo zifundazwe ezimbili, futhi likhula ngokuthula njengoba ukubamba kukhula, ngoba ilayisensi, ukushintshaniswa kahle kuseyinkampani eyodwa ephethe ukonga kwakho engqalasizinda yayo, ngaphansi kokuphatha kwayo, ngesihe sesinqumo sayo esibi kakhulu.
Abantu baseNingizimu Afrika baphatha ungqimba olwengeziwe lapha. I-Bitcoin esele ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe ihlezi endaweni enqamula umngcele ephikisana nemithetho ye-capital flow Bank yaseNingizimu Afrika (SARB), kuyilapho i-Bitcoin efanayo esitokisini sakho sasendaweni igcina indaba yokulawula ukushintshaniswa okuhlanzekile. Umehluko phakathi kwempahla ongayikhomba naleyo ebanjelwa phesheya kolwandle okufanele uwuchaze.
Ukwehluleka okuqhubeka nokwenza ingxabano
I-Mt Gox yicala elafundisa isizukulwane. Ekuphakameni kwayo ibiphatha iningi lakho konke ukuhwebelana kwe-Bitcoin emhlabeni, futhi ekuqaleni kuka-2014 cishe izinhlamvu zemali ezingu-850,000 zamakhasimende zase zinyamalele ngengxube yokuphepha okubuthakathaka kanye nokubola kwangaphakathi. Abakweletwayo balinde iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ukuze bakhokhe ingxenye, futhi abaningi babo base beyeka ukukholelwa ukuthi imali ikhona.
I-FTX ibhale kabusha isifundo esifanayo ngoNovemba 2022. Asizange sigqekezwe nganoma yimuphi umqondo wobuchwepheshe. Imali yeklayenti yayingeyona nje lapho amakhasimende ayecabanga ukuthi iyindawo, yachithwa futhi yabolekiswa ngemuva kwesixhumi esibonakalayo esibonisa wonke umuntu ibhalansi. Kokubili kwakuyizimangalo ezahwamuka, futhi kuzo zombili izimo abantu abalahlekile abenzanga lutho olubi ngaphandle kokushiya izinhlamvu zemali zabo endaweni eyayibukeka inkulu kakhulu ukuthi ingagoqa. INingizimu Afrika inomlando wayo wokungena kuleyo Ileja, okuyinhlangano yakuleli eyamisa ukuhoxiswa kwemali ngo-2021 ngemuva kokuthola izimbobo ezincwadini zayo yase yenza amakhasimende ayo aba abakweletwayo ngobusuku obunye.
Akukho kulokhu okwehluleka kwe-Bitcoin.
Iphrothokholi icubungule konke kwalokhu kuwa ngaphandle kokuphuthelwa yibhlokhi, umehluko engiwubeke kuwo lokho okugetshengiwe nokungagetshengwanga. Izinkampani eziphethe izinhlamvu zemali zabanye abantu zehlulekile, okuwuhlobo oludala kakhulu lokwehluleka ukugqoka uphawu olusha. Isifundo asikona ukuthi ukuhwebelana kubi. Kungenxa yokuthi ukushintshaniswa kuyindawo enhle yokuthenga i-Bitcoin nendawo empofu yokuyishiya.
Yikuphi ukuzibamba okukunikezayo, okuhle nokubi
Ukuzibamba kusho ukuthi uzibambela wena okhiye abayimfihlo, ngokuvamile ku-wallet yehadiwe, idivayisi encane engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi egcina okhiye bakude nanoma yini enoxhumo lwenethiwekhi. Idivayisi isayinda okwenziwayo uma ufuna ukusebenzisa, kodwa okhiye abalokothi bayishiye ngendlela engase ivinjwe yinoma ubani. Akukho ukushintshana okungaphumeleli, akekho umnakekeli wokumisa i-akhawunti yakho futhi awukho ulayini wokusekela ongasungulwa emphakathini ukuze unikeze ibhalansi yakho. I-Bitcoin ingeyakho ngomqondo oqondile ovunyelwe ubuchwepheshe.
Intengo yalokho kuqondile ukuthi umthwalo manje usungowakho ngokuphelele. Lahla idivayisi ngaphandle kwekhophi yasenqolobaneni, noma ulahlekelwe yimbewu yokutakula, futhi i-Bitcoin ingase ihambe ngaphandle kwesikhungo ongasishayela ucingo futhi akukho ukuhlehliswa okungenzeka. Umusho wembewu, ukulandelana kwamagama owakhiwa yisikhwama sakho semali ekusetheni, kokubili ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yokugcina kanye nokuba sengozini okukhulu, ngoba noma ubani ophethe lawo magama ubamba izinhlamvu zemali futhi noma ubani olahlekelwa yizo ulahlekelwa yizinhlamvu zemali. Kwenziwe ngokucophelela, izipele ezihloliwe kanye nezwe phakathi kwazo, ukuzibamba kuwubunikazi obuqine kakhulu obunikezwa yi-Bitcoin. Ukwenziwa ngokunganaki kusungula izingozi ukuthi ukushiya izinhlamvu zemali ekuhwebeni okunelayisensi ngeke neze. Nganquma ukuthi ngenze njani ngaphandle kokukhokha imali yesikole evamile umhlahlandlela wami we-Bitcoin Ukuzigcinela eNingizimu Afrika, kusukela ekutholeni idivayisi kuye ekuhloleni ukuthola kabusha ngaphambi kokuthi kuhambe isenti.
Iphuzu lokuqhathanisa laba ababili akukhona ukuthweswa isicoco. Kuwukuqaphela ukuthi ukuzibamba akubususi ubungozi. Iyithutha, isuka eshidini lebhalansi lenkampani iye emikhubeni yakho, futhi kubabambeli abaningi lokho kuhweba kufanelekile ukwenza lapho inombolo iba nzima.
Indlela ephakathi abanikazi abaningi abakhulu bagcina beswele
Ifakwe njengenketho eqondile, ukuzibamba kanye nelungelo lokushintshisana ngakunye kukucela ukuthi wamukele iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka. Ukulahlekelwa ukhiye owodwa wokunganaki kusula ukubamba ozibambele yena. Ukuwa kokushintshisana okukodwa kusula okugcinwa khona. Ngesikhundla esikhulayo esiyizinketho ezimbili ezingakhululekile, yingakho uhlelo lwesithathu lukhona nokuthi kungani lufanelana nenani elikhulu lezinto ezinkulu engisebenza nazo.
I-multisig esebenzisanayo ehlukanisayo ukulawula kokhiye abambalwa ukuze kungabikho noyedwa ongahambisa noma yini eyedwa. Ekusetheni okungu-2-of-3 okhiye abathathu bakhona futhi noma yibaphi ababili kufanele basayine ndawonye ukuze okwenziwayo kusebenze. Uphethe okhiye, umhlinzeki olawulwayo ubamba oyedwa, kanti izibalo zilawula. Umhlinzeki akakwazi ukuhambisa i-Bitcoin yakho ngaphandle kwakho, ungayihambisa ngaphandle kokuncika komhlinzeki usuku nosuku, futhi ukhiye oyisipele uyindlela yokutakula yosuku omunye wabanye elahlekile noma ebhujiswa. Kukugcina uzibambele mathupha ngenkathi ususa ubuthaka bokhiye oyedwa okwenza abantu babe novalo ngokubamba yonke into ngokwabo. Ngichaza umakhenikha ngendlela efanele ukugcinwa kweBitcoin kwamasignesha amaningi, nokuthi ngiyisebenzisa kanjani njengesevisi ephethwe ku ikhasi leVault.
Ku-Bitcoin ephethwe ngenkampani noma ngokwethenjwa lokhu kuyeka ukuba yinhle futhi kuba yiphuzu lonke. Ibhodi alikwazi ukushiya umgcinimafa walo ngokuzibophezela lapho umqondisi oyedwa engayihambisa ntambama, futhi ukuzibamba okumsulwa komuntu oyedwa kuyilokho kanye ubungozi bokugqoka i-lanyard. I-Multisig ibhala abanikazi bokhiye, iphoqelela amaqembu amabili kukho konke okwenziwayo ngedizayini esikhundleni senqubomgomo futhi isinda ngosuku lapho osayinayo eshiya. Imibuzo yokuphatha evala amabhodi amaningi kule mpahla iziphendulela yona uma isakhiwo sesimi ngomumo, okuyinto engingena kuyo. ukubamba i-Bitcoin enkampanini noma ethembeni.
Iyiphi ekufanele ngempela
Impendulo ivula usayizi wokubamba, indawo oyibambele, inkampane i-Bitcoin ehlezi kuyo nokuthi kungakanani isiyalo sokusebenza ongase uthembise ukusigcina ngokwethembeka. Akekho owinile emhlabeni wonke, olingana kuphela.
Ngesikhundla esincane emkhathizwe omfushane, ukushintshisana kwasendaweni okunelayisensi kuyisiqalo esiphusile, futhi ukulayisensa kubalwa ngokweqiniso lapha. Ukuze uthole isikhundla esikhulayo ohlose ukusibamba iminyaka, futhi ikakhulukazi kunoma ubani onqume ukuphatha i-Bitcoin njengemoto yokonga yesikhathi eside esikhundleni sokuhweba, umbuzo wokugcinwa kwempahla uthola ukunakwa kwangempela isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba uzizwe uphuthumayo. Umthetho wami ucace ngokwanele ukuthi ngingawusho ngekhofi. Uma i-Bitcoin ibiza ngaphezu kwemali ongayishiya ngenjabulo esihlalweni semoto, izihluthulelo zingezakho, futhi udlule iphuzu lapho ukhiye owodwa olahlekile uzolimaza unyaka wakho, isakhiwo kufanele sikuphathele isiyalo kunokuba siphumule inkumbulo yakho.
Ukuzigcina ubunikazi obuqondile kakhulu obunikezwayo futhi buklomelisa abantu abazimisele ukwenza ngendlela. I-multisig esebenzisanayo yilapho engiqondisa khona izinkampani zaseNingizimu Afrika ezibucayi kakhulu, ngoba zigcina ubunikazi obuqondile kuyilapho zisusa iphutha elilodwa eliphetha indaba. I-Exchange custody ithola indawo yayo esigabeni sokuthenga futhi ngenkathi isikhundla sisincane, futhi siyalahleka njengoba amanani akhuphuka.
Nquma ukugcinwa ngaphambi kokuba wakhe isikhundla
Iphutha elibiza kakhulu engilibonayo ukungakhethi okungalungile. Ayikhethi nhlobo, ukuthenga i-Bitcoin futhi iphathe lapho ihlala khona njengenkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kamuva ijwayele ukufika njengesihloko. Ingozi yangempela esithombeni sonke ayivamile ukuthi i-Bitcoin iwele ngenani, ngoba noma ubani oyibambe iminyaka wenze ukuthula nokujika. Ingozi iwukuthi izinhlamvu zemali azifinyeleleki noma zilahleke ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwesitokisi esingahlelelwe muntu, ekushintshisaneni okugoqiwe noma ibinzana lembewu elingazange lenziwe isipele. Ukuhlelwa kwesitokisi kufanele kwenziwe ngamabomu njengesinqumo sokuthenga kwasekuqaleni, futhi ngokubamba okukhudlwana noma okuyinkimbinkimbi lokho kusho ukukulungisa ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe indawo esikhundleni sokubuyisela ukulungisa lapho inombolo isinkulu ngokwanele ukuze uhlale uphapheme. Uma ungathanda ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi imodeli efanelana nesimo sakho kanye nenhlangano yakho, ungakwazi qala ingxoxo yokugcinwa kwami nami futhi sizoyakha empilweni yakho kunesifanekiso.
Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuzigcina wena kanye nokushintshisana ngokugcinwa?
Ukugcinwa kwe-Exchange kusho ukuthi ukushintshanisa kuphethe okhiye abayimfihlo futhi ubambe ukungena ngemvume nebhalansi. Uncike kulokho kushintshana kuhlale kusebenza futhi kuncibilikisiwe, okukwenza ube umkweletu ongavikelekile wenkampani ezimele. Ukuzibamba kusho ukuthi ubamba okhiye ngokwakho, ngokuvamile ku-wallet yehadiwe, ngaphandle kokuncika kunoma ubani. I-Bitcoin ekuhwebeni iyisimangalo ngokumelene nokuhwebelana. I-Bitcoin ekuzivikeleni iyimpahla ephethwe ngokuqondile okungekho muntu wangaphandle ohlala phakathi kwakho nawe.
Iyini isikhwama sehadiwe futhi siyivikela kanjani i-Bitcoin?
I-hardware wallet iyidivayisi encane engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi egcina okhiye bakho abayimfihlo kude nanoma yini enoxhumo lwenethiwekhi. Uma uthumela i-Bitcoin, idivayisi isayina umsebenzi ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokudalula okhiye. Lokho kususa ubungozi bomunye wokushintshana kanye nokuvezwa kwe-malware kwesikhwama sesofthiwe kukhompuyutha ephathekayo. Ubuthakathaka obubodwa bangempela ukulahlekelwa idivayisi kanye nebinzana lembewu eyisipele, yingakho izipele ezihloliwe ezigcinwe ezindaweni ezihlukene ezivikelekile zibaluleke ngaphezu kohlobo lwedivayisi.
Iyini i-2-of-3 multisig futhi kungani ibalulekile kubanikazi baseNingizimu Afrika?
Isikhwama semali esingu-2-of-3 se-multisig sisebenzisa okhiye abathathu futhi sidinga noma yibaphi ababili kubo ukuze basayine ndawonye ngaphambi kokuthi i-Bitcoin ikwazi ukunyakaza, ngakho-ke akekho ukhiye owodwa ongenza umsebenzi wodwa. Ivelu yayo ukuthi isusa iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka kokubili ukuzibamba okumsulwa kanye nokuthwala ilungelo lokushintshana, lapho ukhiye owodwa olahlekile noma ukushintshana okuhlulekile okukodwa kuphetha indaba. Ilungiselelo lokuhlanganyela likuvumela ukuthi ubambe okhiye ngenkathi umhlinzeki olawulayo ephethe oyedwa, ukugcine uzibambele mathupha ngenkathi wengeza indlela yokuphinda uthole kanye nokuphatha okufanela izinkampani ezinkulu, izinkampani nama-trust.
Ingabe kuphephile ukushiya i-Bitcoin ekuhwebeni kwaseNingizimu Afrika?
Ukuhwebelana kwaseNingizimu Afrika okunelayisensi okusebenza ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-FSCA ngokuhlukaniswa kwempahla yeklayenti kunikeza ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kunokungenalayisense, futhi ngenani elincane noma ngenkathi uhlela ukugcinwa okufanele kuyindawo enengqondo ukuqala. Ekubanjweni okukhulu noma isikhathi eside, ukugcinwa kokushintshisana kuthwala ingcuphe yomunye ekhula kanye nesimo. Umthetho wami wokusebenza owokuthi i-Bitcoin iba okufaneleka kakhulu ukuyigcina ezandleni zakho njengoba inombolo ikhuphuka. Ungakwazi bhukha ucingo ukwenza uhlelo olufanele lwesimo sakho.
Vikela i-Bitcoin yakho ngendlela efanele.
I-SimplB isiza abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ukuthi bathenge, bavikele futhi bahlele i-Bitcoin ngendlela ehambisanayo, njengoMmeleli Wezomthetho we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).
Bhukha ikholi yokutholwa