Ingabe kufanele ubambe i-Bitcoin enkampanini, kwi-trust noma egameni lakho? Umbuzo waseNingizimu Afrika

Iningi labaseNingizimu Afrika lithenga i-Bitcoin yalo yokuqala ngegama lalo ngoba yilapho uhambo luqala khona. Akukho okungalungile ngalokho. Inkinga ifika eminyakeni kamuva, lapho okubanjiwe sekukhulile futhi ukukususa kuye noma kuphi sekuyisigameko sentela. Igama lomuntu, inkampani ne-trust ngakunye kuxazulula inkinga ehlukile. Ukukhetha kusenesikhathi kushibhile kanti ukukhetha sekwephuzile akuvamile ukushibha.

Kungani isakhiwo singumbuzo ophuthumayo nge-Bitcoin

Kwiningi lama-asethi umbuzo wesakhiwo ungalinda. Ungabamba ama-unit trust ngegama lakho iminyaka engamashumi amabili, unqume usneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ukuthi i-trust yomndeni inengqondo bese ususa izinto ngaphandle kwenkinga enkulu, ngoba ukukhula bekuzinzile futhi izindleko zokudlulisa ziyaphatheka. Imboni yezeluleko yakhelwe phezu kwaleso sikhathi esingasheshi.

I-Bitcoin ayisihloniphi leso sikhathi. Isikhundla esasiyimali yephakethe ngo-2016 namuhla siyi-asethi enkulu futhi yonke irandi yalokho kukhula iyinzuzo engakatholakali ehlezi kunoma yiliphi igama owalisebenzisa ekuqaleni. Susa izinhlamvu uziyise kwi-trust noma enkampanini manje bese i-SARS iphatha ukususwa uqobo njengokudayiswa ngenani lemakethe. Intela ifanele khona kanye endaweni yokudlulisa, ezinzuzweni zephepha ongakaze uzifake ebhange futhi ongeke uzisebenzise, kunokuba kube sendaweni yokuthengisa kokugcina.

I-asethi ayiwalindi amaphepha akho.

Kukhona inkinga yesibili amasheya nempahla okungasoze kwayibanga. I-Bitcoin iyi-bearer asset, ngakho olawula izikhiye ulawula inani. Inkantolo ingaqinisekisa izindlalifa zakho. Ayikwazi ukuvula ukhiye oyimfihlo. Isakhiwo somthetho nohlelo lokugcinwa ngakho-ke kufanele kuklanywe ndawonye, ngoba i-trust engumnikazi we-Bitcoin okungekho muntu ongayifinyelela ingumnikazi wendaba kunokuba ibe ngumnikazi we-asethi. I-SARS ngakolunye uhlangothi iphatha i-Bitcoin ngokuqondile njenge-asethi ngezinjongo zentela, ngakho intela yenzuzo yemali enkulu, intela yefa nentela yeminikelo konke kungavela. Ukuthi yimaphi amazinga asebenzayo kuncike ekutheni igama likabani elihlezi ku-asethi, okuyiso sonke isinqumo.

Kubiza malini ukubamba i-Bitcoin ngegama lakho

Igama lomuntu yilapho cishe wonke umuntu eqala khona futhi ngesizathu esihle. Ayikho inhlangano okumele ibhaliswe, azikho izimbuyiselo zonyaka, azikho izimali zokubala amabhuku futhi ayikho imihlangano yabaphathi be-trust. I-FICA ngumazisi wakho nobufakazi bekheli. Uma okubanjiwe kwakho kukuncane, igama lomuntu yimpendulo efanele futhi akekho okufanele akukholise ukuthi ukhokhele isakhiwo ongasidingi.

Ukuphathwa kwentela kunamagatsha amabili. Uma i-SARS yamukela ukuthi i-Bitcoin yakho iwutshalomali lwesikhathi eside, izinzuzo ziyimali enkulu: u-40% wenzuzo ufakwa emalini yakho engenayo ethelisekayo, okuthi ezingeni eliphezulu lika-45% kunikeze umkhawulo osebenzayo ongu-18%, othanjiswa wukukhishwa konyaka kuka-R40,000. Uma ukuziphatha kwakho kubukeka njengokuhweba, inzuzo egcwele ingena emalini yakho engenayo ngamazinga afika ku-45%. Umugqa phakathi kwalawo magatsha udwetshwa yinhloso nokuziphatha futhi ngichaza indlela yokuhlala ohlangothini olulungile lwawo ku-okumele ukwazise ku-SARS ngo-2026. Khumbula ukuthi i-SARS ingabona okungaphezu kwalokho abantu abakucabangayo, ngoba itshale emandleni okuhlaziya ukugeleza okungena nokuphuma kuma-platform endawo futhi isayine ohlakeni lokubika lwama-crypto asset lwe-OECD, nokushintshaniswa kolwazi okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kweziphathimandla zentela okulindeleke kusukela ngo-2027.

Ukushona yilapho igama lomuntu liba khona ngamandla ukubiza.

Izinhlamvu zakho zihlala ngaphakathi kwefa lakho elithelisekayo. Intela yefa ihamba ku-20% ku-R30 million yokuqala ngaphezu kwesephulelo sika-R3.5 million naku-25% ngaphezu kwalokho. Ukushona kuphinde kuvuse ukudayiswa okucatshangelwayo ngezinjongo ze-CGT, ngakho ifa lingabhekana nentela yenzuzo yemali enkulu nentela yefa ezinhlamvini ezifanayo ngonyaka ofanayo. Kokubanjiwe okwenze lokho i-Bitcoin ekwenzile emlandweni, lezo zigameko ezimbili zinqwabelana zibe wukuncishiswa okukhulu ngaphambi kokuba izindlalifa zakho zibone isenti.

Ingozi enkulu ayiyona ngisho intela. Wukufinyelela. Umphathi wefa ongakaze ezwe ngamagama okubuyisela akakwazi ukubuyisa izinhlamvu ku-hardware wallet esesefeni. Ngabhala ngaleyo ndlela yokwehluleka ku-okwenzeka nge-Bitcoin yakho uma ushona kanti inguqulo emfushane wukuthi i-SARS isakhokhelwa ngesikhathi umndeni kwesinye isikhathi ungatholi lutho.

Lapho inkampani iyikhaya elifanele

Inkampani ikhokha intela yemali engenayo ku-27% futhi ifaka u-80% wenzuzo yemali enkulu, okuphumela ezingeni le-CGT elisebenzayo elingu-21.6%. Ephepheni lokho kuhlala kahle phakathi komuntu ne-trust. Iphepha liyadukisa uma uma lapho ekufundeni, ngoba inkampani iyindlu esendleleni nje.

Inzuzo ingeyenkampani, hhayi eyakho. Ukuyifaka ezandleni zakho njengedivideni kubiza enye i-20% yentela yamadivideni, okuphushela izindleko eziphelele zenzuzo etholakele futhi ekhishwe ngokugcwele ngaphezu kuka-37%.

Isendlalelo sesibili yiso abantu abasikhohlwayo.

Inkampani ngakho-ke isebenza kahle kakhulu lapho i-Bitcoin ngempela ifanele ukuba ngaphakathi kwebhizinisi: imali ye-treasury eyisilinganiselo, okugciniwe inkampani ehwebayo efuna ukukubeka ku-asethi eqine kunerandi, inkampani yotshalomali esikhona kakade ngezizathu zayo kunokuba kube ngentela kuphela. Ngenza icala le-treasury kahle ku-i-Bitcoin njenge-treasury yenkampani eNingizimu Afrika.

Izinkampani futhi azishoni, okuyimpikiswano yokulandelana. Amasheya ashintsha izandla ngesikhathi izinhlamvu zihlala zilapho. Khumbula nokho ukuthi amasheya akho kuleyo nkampani ngokwawo ayimpahla yefa, ngakho inkampani yodwa ayiyisusi intela yefa. Imane ishintshe lokho umphathi wefa okumele akukale.

Ukuphatha nakho kuyimali yangempela. Izitatimende zezimali zonyaka, izimbuyiselo ze-CIPC futhi mhlawumbe nokuhlolwa kwamabhuku kufika minyaka yonke noma ngabe i-Bitcoin inyakazile noma cha. Ukulawulwa kwemali yangaphandle kwengeza isendlalelo sako kunoma iyiphi inkampani ecabanga ukuhambisa inani phesheya.

Ingxoxo ye-trust, ngokweqiniso

Ama-trust athengiswa kanzima kuleli lizwe kanti i-Bitcoin inike inkulumo yokuthengisa amandla amasha. Inguqulo eneqiniso incane kakhulu. I-trust iyisakhiwo sokulandelana esiqine kunazo zonke umthetho waseNingizimu Afrika osinikezayo futhi ingesinye sezibiza kakhulu ngentela, ngakho umbuzo wangempela wukuthi ngabe into i-trust eyithengisayo yiyo into ofuna ukuyithenga.

Qala ngezindleko. I-trust engeyona i-trust ekhethekile ikhokha intela yemali engenayo ku-45% omile futhi ifaka u-80% wezinzuzo zemali enkulu, okukhiqiza izinga le-CGT elisebenzayo eliphezulu kunawo wonke ohlelweni: u-36%, ngaphandle kokukhishwa konyaka okulithambisayo. Ama-trust akhethekile, uhlobo olwenzelwe umuntu okhubazekile noma olumiswe ngencwadi yefa lwezingane ezincane, athelwa njengabantu ngezinga elisebenzayo elingu-18%.

Iningi lama-trust omndeni abamba impahla yotshalomali awawona ama-trust akhethekile.

Kukhona ivalvu yengcindezi. Ngaphansi komgomo wokudlulisa i-trust inganikeza inzuzo kumhlomuli ngonyaka evela ngawo bese leyo nzuzo ithelwa ezandleni zomhlomuli ngamazinga omhlomuli. Ivalvu iyasiza ngezinga. Iphinde isuse inani kwi-trust ilifake efeni lomuntu othile, okuyikho kanye i-trust eyakhelwa ukukugwema, ngakho ukhokhela ukukhululwa ngento obuyivikela.

Manje inzuzo. Impahla engeye-trust ngendlela efanele ayihlali efeni lakho elithelisekayo futhi i-trust ayishoni uma wena ushona. Ukushona kwakho akuvusi ukudayiswa okucatshangelwayo kulezo zinhlamvu futhi ayikho intela yefa ewela kuzo. Kumndeni ocabanga ngezizukulwane kunokucabanga ngeminyaka yentela, lokho kuqhubeka kuyilo lonke icala.

Ukuxhasa i-trust yilapho isigaba 7C silinde khona. Abantu abaningi bafaka inani nge-akhawunti yesikweletu esingenanzalo kanti isigaba 7C siphatha inzalo ongazange uyikhokhise njengomnikelo owenza kabusha minyaka yonke, othelwa ku-20% uma usudlule ekukhululweni kweminikelo yonyaka kuka-R100,000. Akubhubhisi. Kuwukuconsa okuhlala njalo okufanele kube semodelini ngaphambi kokuba usayine noma yini.

Umqulu we-trust uqobo uthwele isisindo esingaphezu kwalokho abaphathi be-trust abaningi abakubonayo. Imiqulu eminingi emidala ayizange iwacabange ama-crypto asset kanti umphathi we-trust othenga i-Bitcoin engenawo amandla okukwenza uphendula ngakho mathupha. Umqulu kufanele uwaqambe ngokusobala ama-crypto asset futhi uchaze i-Bitcoin njenge-bearer asset enokuphathwa okuchaziwe kwezikhiye, ngesikhathi izikhiye uqobo zihlala ngaphandle kwawo wonke umqulu womthetho. Ngiwachaze amagama ku-okumele umqulu we-trust yakho ukusho nge-Bitcoin.

Izibalo zokususa kamuva

Beka izibalo ezindlekweni zokuhlela kabusha, ngoba izibalo yizo abantu abazizwayo. Ake sithi ubambe izinhlamvu ezibiza u-R5 million ezakubiza u-R1 million. Zidlulisele kwi-trust yomndeni wakho bese imithetho yabantu abaxhumene icabangela ukudayiswa ngenani lemakethe, ngakho inzuzo ka-R4 million ivusa i-CGT efika ku-R720,000 ezandleni zakho yize ungathenganga lutho futhi ungatholanga lutho. Xhasa ukudluliswa nge-akhawunti yesikweletu bese isigaba 7C siqala ukuconsa kwaso kwonyaka ku-R5 million egcwele. Nikela ngezinhlamvu esikhundleni salokho bese intela yeminikelo ithatha u-20%, inyukele ku-25% ngaphezu kuka-R30 million.

Ukuba i-trust yazithenga izinhlamvu ekuqaleni, akukho kwalokho okuvelayo.

Izinkampani azinamusa ngaphezulu. Ukufaka i-asethi enkampanini nakho kuwukudayiswa. Ukukhululwa kokudlulisela kukhona kokuthengiselana okuthile kwe-asethi ngamasheya futhi kuza nemibandela edinga izandla zochwepheshe kunokuba kube yi-blog post. Umthetho ojwayelekile usinda kukho konke okuhlukile: isinqumo sesakhiwo esishibhile kunazo zonke yileso esenziwa ngaphambi kokukhula, okuthi nge-Bitcoin kusho ngaphambi kwalokho okuzwakala kungokwemvelo.

Ukugcinwa kufanele kuhambisane nesakhiwo

Yilapha umuntu nenhlangano behlukana khona ngokukhulu. Ungabamba izinhlamvu zakho ku-hardware wallet futhi akekho ozokuvimba. Inhlangano ayikwazi ukuba nokunganaki okungaka. IBhange Elikhulu lithathe isikhundla sokuthi ukususa ama-crypto asset uwayise ekuzigcineleni kuwukukhishelwa kwenani ngaphandle, okushiya ukugcinwa okungahleliwe kozenzela kuyimodeli yokusebenza enengozi yangempela enkampanini noma kwi-trust yaseNingizimu Afrika. Izinhlangano futhi zithwele imisebenzi yokuphatha umuntu angakaze abhekane nayo: ubani osayinayo, kumuphi umkhawulo, kwenzekani lapho umphathi we-trust esula noma umqondisi ethuthela kwelinye izwe.

Lelo gebe yiso kanye isizathu sokuthi ngiqhube i-Vault njengokugcinwa kokubambisana kunokuba ngumkhiqizo okubambela izinhlamvu. Kuwuhlelo lwe-multisig ye-2-ku-3. Ubamba izikhiye ezimbili kumadivayisi akho, i-Trezor ne-Ileja, ngesikhathi mina ngibamba ukhiye wokubuyisela we-Coldcard njengomlenze wesithathu olawulwayo ngo-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933). Akekho umbambi wokhiye oyedwa ongasusa noma yini yedwa. Inhlangano igcina ubunikazi obuqondile be-bearer asset nokulawula okuningi ngesikhathi ukuphathwa kuhlala ngaphakathi kohlaka olunelayisensi. I-Vault iphinde ibhale ubunikazi nentengo yokuthola ngerandi, umbhali wakho wamabhuku azokubonga ngakho ngesikhathi sokufaka izimbuyiselo. Ngenza okuhlanu kwalokhu kusetha ngenyanga, kubantu nasezinhlanganweni.

I-FICA ikhula nesakhiwo. Iphrofayela yakho yomuntu idinga ikhophi kamazisi wakho nobufakazi bekheli. Inkampani iletha imiqulu yokubhalisa, imininingwane yobunikazi obuzuzayo nokuqinisekiswa kwabaqondisi. I-trust iletha umqulu, imininingwane yabaphathi be-trust kwesinye isikhathi nolwazi lwabahlomuli futhi. Abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zama-crypto asset babe yizikhungo eziphendulayo ngaphansi koMthetho we-FIC kusukela ngoDisemba 2022, ngakho akukho kukho okuzikhethelayo. Kumane kuthatha isikhathi eside kunalokho abantu abakulindele, ngakho qala ukungeniswa ngaphambi kokuba udinge ukususa.

Indlela ebengizonquma ngayo

Ukufunda kwami, ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi yalezi zingxoxo, kuhamba kanje. Uma okubanjiwe kwakho kuhlala ngaphansi kwendawo lapho intela yefa iluma khona, hlala egameni lakho bese uchitha amandla akho ekugcinweni nasencwadini yefa efanele esikhundleni salokho. Uma i-Bitcoin iyimali yebhizinisi, inkampani ngokuvamile isiyimpendulo kakade ngoba yilapho imali ihlala khona. Uma ngempela wakha ezizukulwaneni futhi ungamukela u-36% ezinzuzweni ezigciniwe njengentengo yokuqhubeka, i-trust iyasifanela isikhundla sayo, ngombandela wokuthi imiswe futhi iphathwe kahle kunokuba ithengwe njengesifanekiso.

Noma yini oyikhethayo, hambisa izibalo nomsebenzi wakho wentela nomeluleki wezokuphathelwa kwempahla ngaphambi kokuba i-satoshi eyodwa ihambe. Akukho kuleli khasi okuyiseluleko futhi amaqiniso akho azogoba impendulo ngezindlela isihloko esijwayelekile esingeke sizibone. Ngiyajabula ukuhlala kulowo mhlangano; ingxoxo yesakhiwo ihamba kangcono uma umuntu osegunjini eseke wabuyisa ngempela i-wallet ye-multisig.

Isakhiwo sinquma ukuthi ubani ongumnikazi we-Bitcoin yakho kanti ukugcinwa kunquma ukuthi ngabe ukhona yini ongumnikazi. Xazulula kokubili ngesikhathi isinqumo sisashibhile, ngoba inguqulo yale nkinga ohlangana nayo eminyakeni eyishumi inoziro eziningi kakhulu kuyo.