Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-Bitcoin: Lokho idatha ekukhombisayo ngempela
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-Bitcoin kuyisici sayo, hhayi iphutha. Ugesi umvukuzi awushisayo yikho kanye okwenza ukuthengiselana okuqinisekisiwe kungakwazi ukubuyiselwa emuva, futhi inethiwekhi ibingeke ibe nanani ngaphandle kwakho. Yileyo ngxenye izihloko zezindaba eziyeqayo. Ngichithe iminyaka ngibuka abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bengabaza ngenombolo abangakaze nakanye bayibone ibekwe eceleni kwezinhlelo i-Bitcoin encintisana nazo ngempela.
Iphuzu elisemqoka
Amandla asetshenziswa yi-Bitcoin ayindlela evikela inethiwekhi futhi eyenza ukukhokha kube okokugcina, hhayi ukumosha. Isilinganiso sayo sikagesi sihlala ebangeni elifanayo nelokumbiwa kwegolide futhi siyingxenyana nje yaleso sohlelo lwezimali oludala, kanti isabelo esikhulayo sivela emandleni asalele, ashiswa ize nancishisiwe ezinye izimboni ezingeke ziwathinte. NgoSepthemba 2025 ijubane le-hash lenethiwekhi leqa i-zettahash eyodwa, isilinganiso esiyirekhodi sokuthi ukuhlasela sekubiza kangakanani. Akukho kwalokhu okuthinta abantu baseNingizimu Afrika abamane bathenge babambe: ukuba ne-Bitcoin akudingi ukuvukuza futhi akwengezi lutho emthwalweni ka-Eskom.
Kungani i-Bitcoin isebenzisa amandla nhlobo
Njalo emizuzwini eyishumi inethiwekhi yengeza ibhulokhi kwileja yayo, kanti ukuze awine ilungelo lokuyengeza umvukuzi kufanele adlulise idatha ku-hash function izikhathi eziyizigidigidi kuze kuvele impendulo efanele. Ayikho indlela emfushane ehlakaniphile. Kungumzamo wokubala onamandla, kanti lowo mzamo ubiza ugesi ngokwakheka. Lezo zindleko akulona iphutha umuntu akhohlwa ukulisusa. Kuyilo lonke iphuzu.
Ubufakazi bomsebenzi bugxilisa iqiniso ledijithali ezindlekweni ezibonakalayo. Ukuze abhale kabusha ukuthengiselana okukodwa okudala, umhlaseli kuzomele aphinde enze umsebenzi waleyo bhulokhi nawo wonke amabhulokhi abekwe phezu kwayo, ngokushesha okudlula yonke enye inethiwekhi ihlangene. Empeleni lokho akunzima nje kuphela. Kuwukuzibulala ngokomnotho, ngoba amathuluzi nesikweletu sikagesi kungabiza ngaphezu kwanoma yini ukuhlasela okungayintshontsha, kanti umvuzo wokudlala ngokwethembeka unyamalala buthule ngomzuzu ozama ngawo ukukhwabanisa.
Ngakho ugesi uthenga into ethile. Uthenga ukuphela okungenakuhlehliswa nguhulumeni, yinkampani noma yinkantolo. Ukukhokha kwendabuko kwencika emabhange, ezinhlanganweni ezimaphakathi nakubameli ukuze kuphoqelelwe lokho kuphela. I-Bitcoin ibashintshanisa bonke ngemithetho yemvelo.
Lokho kushintshana kuyiyo yonke indaba.
Amandla okubala esewonke aqondiswe kwinethiwekhi abizwa ngokuthi yijubane le-hash, futhi liyisilinganiso esiqondile sokuthi ukuhlasela kungabiza kangakanani. Ijubane le-hash eliphakeme, udonga oluphakeme. NgoSepthemba 2025 lolo donga lweqa i-zettahash eyodwa, ama-exahash ayinkulungwane ngesekhondi, izinga elalizozwakala lingenangqondo eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambili. Amandla nokuphepha akuhambisani nje kuphela lapha. Kuyinto eyodwa ekalwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Ibhulokhi ngayinye entsha efakwa kuchungechunge yenza ukuguqula umlando kubize kancane ngaphezulu futhi, ngakho inethiwekhi ayibi nzima ukuhlaselwa ngoba iba yinkimbinkimbi. Iba nzima ukuhlaselwa ngoba kuya kubiza kakhulu ukuqamba amanga kuyo. Ngichaza indlela yonke esebenza ngayo ku- ubufakazi bomsebenzi, buchaziwe.
Ukuqhathanisa okweqiwa abagxeki abaningi
Inombolo eyodwa, engenalutho lokuyiqhathanisa nalo, ayikutsheli cishe lutho. I-Bitcoin ivame ukubalwa phakathi kuka-100 no-200 terawatt-hours ngonyaka, cishe njengePoland noma iNetherlands. Umusho uma lapho sengathi udaba seluphethiwe. Alukapheli. Umbuzo wangempela awukaze ube ukuthi i-Bitcoin isebenzisa amandla angakanani. Uwukuthi lawo mandla avikelani nokuthi ezinye izindlela zibiza malini.
Thatha igolide, i-asethi i-Bitcoin efana nayo kakhulu njengesilondolozi senani. Ukumbiwa kwegolide kudonsa ugesi ebangeni elifanayo elibanzi, cishe u-100 kuya ku-130 terawatt-hours ngonyaka, bese kwengeza izingxenye okungekho muntu ozibeka ephosteni: udizili wamajeneretha nemishini yokumba umhlabathi, amanzi namakhemikhali akhipha okumbiwayo, imigodi evulekile engaphinde ilulame. Isilinganiso se-Bitcoin cishe siwugesi wodwa. Awukho umgodi emhlabathini.
Manje kuqhathanise nohlelo i-Bitcoin ezama ngempela ukulushintsha. Umshini wezimali omdala usebenza ngamasentha edatha amabhange, amanethiwekhi amagatsha, imizila yamakhadi, ingqalasizinda ye-SWIFT ehambisa imali phakathi kwezikhungo, nezendlalelo zokuphindaphinda abantu abambalwa abake bazibone. Kukhona nezinye izindleko izilinganiso eziningi ezingalokothi zizibale nhlobo: ukuvikelwa kwezempi kokugeleza kukawoyela womhlaba okusekela idola uqobo. Beka lokho eceleni kwesendlalelo sokukhokha ongaqinisekisa ukuphepha kwaso nge-laptop ejwayelekile bese izinga elimbaxa-mbili liba nzima ukungabonwa.
Ingxenye exakayo wukuthi lokhu kuqhathanisa cishe akwenziwa neze. Izilinganiso zibeka ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lwezimali uqobo kuphindwe kaningana kunokwe-Bitcoin. Amagatsha, amanethiwekhi amakhadi nezimoto ezithutha ukheshi kuphathwa njengephephadonga kunokuba kube yizindleko zamandla, ngakho azifiki ekhasini elifanayo nenombolo ye-Bitcoin. Inombolo eyodwa ithola isihloko sezindaba. Enye iyazitshwa ngoba sakhulela ngaphakathi kwayo.
I-Bitcoin ikhokha ukuthengiselana okungenakubuyiselwa emuva nsuku zonke zonyaka, ngaphandle kwempelasonto nangaphandle kweholide. Ukwahlulela isikweletu sayo sikagesi ngaphandle kokusikala nakanye emishinini encintisana nayo akukona ukuhlaziya. Kuyisitatimende sabezindaba.
Ugesi uvela kuphi ngempela
Abavukuzi abanamizwa. Ugesi uyizindleko zabo ezinkulu kunazo zonke futhi basebenza ngenzuzo encane ngokwanele ukwenza isuphamakethe ibe namahloni, okubaphoqa ukuba bazingele ugesi oshibhile kunawo wonke emhlabeni, kanti ugesi oshibhile kunawo wonke cishe njalo ngugesi okungekho muntu omunye ongawusebenzisa.
Amandla asalele wukukhiqizwa okungenawo ulayini wokuwathwala uye edolobheni: amandla amanzi asendaweni ekude, ipulazi lomoya elikhiqiza ngaphezu kwalokho igridi engakumunca, igesi yemvelo eshiswa emthonjeni ishiselwa esibhakabhakeni ize. Amandla ancishisiwe ngamandla igridi ewakhiqizayo kodwa engakwazi ukuwasabalalisa ngaleso sikhathi, ngokuvamile inala yelanga emini noma ubusuku obunomoya. Kokubili kungukumosha ngaphandle uma kuvela into ezowasebenzisa khona lapho. Umshini wokuvukuza ungakwazi, ngoba ungahlala noma kuphi futhi ungacishwa noma uvulwe ngemizuzwana.
Leyo ndlela yokuguquka iphendula lowo okuthiwa yisigebengu abe yi-asethi yegridi. ETexas, lapho kuhlala khona ingxenye enkulu yokuvukuzwa kwenethiwekhi, abaqhubi bavame ukucisha ngesikhathi sesidingo esiphezulu nangamakhaza, bakhulule ugesi ubuyele emakhaya kanye ngesikhathi igridi inwetshwe kakhulu. Bavame ukuba ngumthwalo wokuqala oncishiswayo, hhayi owokugcina. Ifektri ayikwazi ukwenza lokho. Imboni encibilikisa insimbi ayikwazi ukwenza lokho. Umvukuzi we-Bitcoin ukwenza ngaphambi kwesidlo sasekuseni.
Cabanga leyo ndlela yokucabanga yehliselwe emephini yethu. Ipulazi lomoya ogwini lwaseKapa ngobusuku obunomoya ovunguzayo, elikhiqiza ngaphezu kwalokho izintambo ezingakuthwala, likhiqiza ukumosha ngaphandle uma kukhona umthengi ongavela eceleni kwalo ahambe ngomzuzu igridi edinga ngawo ugesi ubuyele. Lowo mthengi cishe akatholakali embonini esindayo, edinga ukusebenza njalo ukuze izikhokhele. Ikhontena lemishini yokuvukuza liyilowo mthengi kanye, futhi lingumthwalo wemboni oyivelakancane igridi entekenteke engawucisha ngaphandle kokuphula lutho. Angiphikisi ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika kufanele ijahe ukuvukuza. Ngiveza ukuthi ubuchwepheshe abagxeki abesabayo, ezandleni ezifanele, buyithuluzi lokuphendula ukukhiqizwa okusalele kube yinto ethile kunokuba kube yize.
Akukho kwalokhu okwenza i-Bitcoin ibe "luhlaza", futhi bengingeke ngikuthuke ngokusho lokho. Isabelo esivuselelekayo nesimoshiwe singokoqobo futhi siyakhula, kodwa sikhula ngesizathu somnotho esiqinile hhayi esokumaketha: amandla amahhala nasalele ngamandla ashibhile kunawo wonke, kanti amandla ashibhile kunawo wonke yiwo umvukuzi onengqondo awajahayo. Nendawo iyaqhubeka ishintsha. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zokuvukuzwa kwenethiwekhi zazihlala eChina; ukuvinjelwa lapho kwakusabalalisa emhlabeni wonke, kanti i-United States manje ibambe isabelo esisodwa esikhulu kunazo zonke.
Lokhu kusho ukuthini kubatshalizimali baseNingizimu Afrika
Nakhu lapho inguqulo yasekhaya yale mpikiswano ivame ukufika khona, futhi ifanelwe yimpendulo eqondile. Igridi yethu intekenteke. Ukwehluleka kuka-Eskom akulona iphuzu lenkulumo nje, kuwuLwesibili ojwayelekile, kanti iminyaka eyishumi yokucinywa kukagesi ifundise wonke umuntu waseNingizimu Afrika ukuphatha ugesi osele njengongcwele. Ngakho lapho umuntu ezwa ukuthi "i-Bitcoin isebenzisa ugesi ongangowezwe lonke" umuzwa wokucasuka unengqondo ngokuphelele ezweni elike lalayinela ugesi walo.
Kodwa lowo muzwa uqondiswe enhlosweni engalungile. Ukuvukuza nokuba nayo kuyimisebenzi emibili ehlukene emane yabelane ngegama.
Lapho uthenga i-Bitcoin ngomthengiseli waseNingizimu Afrika uthola izinhlamvu esezikhona kakade. Awuxhumi mshini kagesi. Awudonsi ngisho i-watt eyodwa eyengeziwe ku-Eskom. Ukuvukuzwa kwenzeka ngaphesheya komhlaba, eTexas nase-Ethiopia naseParaguay, futhi kwenzeka noma ngabe ubambe i-satoshi eyodwa noma ungenayo. Inkulumo-mpikiswano ngamandla ingumbuzo wangempela nothakazelisayo ngokuphepha kwenethiwekhi emhlabeni wonke. Ayisona nje isizathu sokumelana ne-Bitcoin njengendawo yokugcina imali yakho eyongiwe, njengoba nodizili oshiswa emgodini wegolide waseFree State ungesona isizathu sokumelana nokugqoka indandatho yomshado.
Isizathu sokuthi umuntu owonga ngerandi kufanele akhathalele lawo mandla akude yikho kanye ukuthi ayasebenza. Abavukuzi abashisa ugesi emazweni ayishumi nambili yibo abenza iziqinisekiso zokukhokha zikholakale kumuntu waseGeorge noma waseSandton ofuna isilondolozi senani iReserve Bank engeke iphrinte buthule okwengeziwe kwaso. Yiyo leyo ndaba engiyenza ku- i-Bitcoin njengemali eqinile, futhi yingakho izici zibaluleke ngaphezu kwesikweletu sikagesi. Uma usakha umbono ngokuthi le asethi iyini nhlobo, bengizoqala ngo- ukuthi i-Bitcoin iyini ngempela ngaphambi kokukhathazeka ngogesi wayo.
Kukhona nephuzu lobulungiswa okufanele liqanjwe ngokusobala, ngoba abantu baseNingizimu Afrika balizwa kancane kunabo bonke. Igolide beliyi-asethi yokonga ehloniphekile kuleli zwe izizukulwane, limbiwa kweminye yemigodi ejule kakhulu nedla amandla kakhulu emhlabeni, kanti akekho owake watshela iklayenti ukuba lizizwe linecala nge-Krugerrand. Intukuthelo ekhethayo isho okuningi ngokungajwayelani kunangemithetho yemvelo, iphethini engiyilandela ku- kungani abatshalizimali bayeka ukuhlonipha igolide nezimpahla zokuhweba.
Nasi-ke isikhundla sami esiqotho. Umbuzo wamandla uyinto efanele ukubuzwa kodwa uyisizathu esibi sokuhlala ngaphandle. Wubuze, uthole impendulo yangempela, bese unquma ngobuhle be-asethi kunangenombolo umuntu akunike yona ngaphandle kwesilinganiso. Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu yalezi zingxoxo ngibone ukuphikisa ngamandla kwenza umsebenzi wako wangempela hhayi njengesizathu kodwa njengezaba, indawo entofontofo yokuma yomuntu obengasoze anyakaza noma kunjani. Abanelukuluku lwangempela bayawubuza umbuzo, bezwe ukuqhathanisa, baqhubeke nesinqumo sangempela sokuthi i-asethi enesabelo esimisiwe iyafanele yini emalini yabo eyongiwe. Uma ungathanda leyo mpendulo isetshenziswe esimweni sakho, bhukha ingcingo bese sibheka isikhundla sakho kahle kunokuba kube ngokungacacile.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
I-Bitcoin isebenzisa ugesi ongakanani ngonyaka?
Izilinganiso zibeka inethiwekhi phakathi kuka-100 no-200 terawatt-hours ngonyaka, cishe njengokusetshenziswa kwonyaka kwePoland noma iNetherlands. Ibanga libanzi ngoba lincike ekusebenzeni kahle kwanoma yimaphi amathuluzi okuvukuza asebenzayo ngaleso sikhathi. Inombolo ingeyoqobo. Iyodwa nje, ngaphandle kwanoma yini yokuyiqhathanisa nayo, ikutshela okuncane kakhulu.
Ingabe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-Bitcoin kungukumosha?
Kuphela uma ucabanga ukuthi umphumela awunanani. Ubufakazi bomsebenzi bukhiqiza into okungekho olunye uhlelo oluke lwayiphumelela: ukukhokha okungenakubuyiselwa emuva ngaphandle kwegunya elimaphakathi okumele lethenjwe, ngaphandle kwebhange elingakumisa nangaphandle kwekomiti elingakubuyisela emuva. Amandla yiwo enza lokho kuphela kube ngokoqobo. Ukuthi umphumela uyazifanela yini izindleko kungumbuzo ngenani, hhayi iphutha lobuchwepheshe.
Ingabe i-Bitcoin isebenzisa amandla amaningi kunokumbiwa kwegolide?
Ugesi uyaqhathaniseka, cishe ku-100 kuya ku-130 terawatt-hours ngonyaka kwigolide. Igolide libe selengeza udizili, amanzi, amakhemikhali nemigodi engalulami, okungekho nokukodwa kwakho okuvela enombolweni kagesi. Isilinganiso se-Bitcoin cishe singamandla eliwadonsayo wodwa. Ukuthi yikuphi okuphuma kubi kakhulu kuncike ekutheni umgodi emhlabathini uwukala kanjani ne-data centre.
Ingabe ukuthenga i-Bitcoin eNingizimu Afrika kuyengeza ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla?
Cha. Ukuthenga akudingi ukuvukuza. Lapho uthenga ngomthengiseli uthola izinhlamvu esezikhona kakade, ngakho awudonsi gesi owengeziwe ku-Eskom noma kunoma iyiphi enye igridi. Ukuvukuzwa kwenzeka emhlabeni wonke futhi bekuzokwenzeka noma ngabe ubambe i-Bitcoin noma cha. Uma ufuna lokho kusetshenziswe esikhundleni sakho, bhukha ingcingo bese sikubheka kahle.
Lungisa isikhundla sakho se-Bitcoin.
I-SimplB isiza abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ukuthenga, ukuvikela nokuhlela i-Bitcoin ngokuhambisana nomthetho, njengoMmeleli Ngokomthetho we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).
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