Ukuzigcina ngokuzimeleyo vs ukuTshintshiselana ngokuGcina: Yintoni ekufuneka ayiqonde wonke uMnini weBitcoin waseMzantsi Afrika
Xa uthenga i-Bitcoin ngokutshintshiselana kwaye uyishiye apho, awuyi kubamba i-Bitcoin. Ubambe ibango ngokuchasene notshintshiselwano. Utshintshiselwano lubambe iBitcoin. Lo mahluko asibobuchwephesha. Ngumgaqo osisiseko wobunini beBitcoin kunye nesiqalo sokucinga ngokucacileyo malunga nokugcinwa.
Ukuthathwa okungundoqo
Imbali yokungaphumeleli kotshintshiselwano yenza ingongoma ikhonkrithi. I-Mt Gox iye yawa ekuqaleni kuka-2014 malunga ne-850,000 ye-Bitcoin yabathengi, kwaye i-FTX yazicima ii-asethi zabathengi ngoNovemba ka-2022 ngaphandle kokugqekezwa kuyo nayiphi na ingqiqo yobugcisa. Kuzo zombini ezi meko abathengi bakholelwa ukuba babambe iBitcoin xa into ababeyibambile yayilibango elichasene nequmrhu elingaphumelelanga. Ukuzigcina ngokwakho kususa loo mngcipheko weqela kwaye kukunika ubunzima obupheleleyo boxanduva. I-2-of-3 ye-multisig ehlangeneyo ihlala phakathi kwezi zibini, isusa indawo enye yokusilela ephathwayo kukuzimela okumsulwa kunye nokwabelana ngokugcina.
Umahluko omnye sisigqibo sonke sixhomekeke kuwo
Imibuzo emibini igqiba yonke into elandelayo. Ngubani ophethe izitshixo, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kwi-Bitcoin yakho mhla iqela elibambileyo lingaphumeleli. Ukutshintshiselana ngokugcinwa kunye nokuzigcina kunika iimpendulo ezichaseneyo, kwaye uthelekiso olunyanisekileyo alukho malunga nokuba yeyiphi ekhuselekileyo kwi-abstract kodwa malunga nokuba yeyiphi iseti yengozi ehambelana nemali ephambi kwakho.
Utshintshiselwano luphethe izitshixo. Ubambe i-login kunye nebhalansi eziphatha njengeyakho ide ingabikho. Ukuzigcina kubeka izitshixo ezandleni zakho, ezisusa ukutshintshiselana kumfanekiso ngokupheleleyo kwaye zithathe indawo yomngcipheko wayo ngoqeqesho lwakho. Akukho nanye kwezi ekhululekile. Omnye ucela ukuba uthembele kwinkampani. Enye ikucela ukuba uzithembe, ii-backups zakho kunye nememori yakho yexesha elizayo. Uninzi lwabantu baseMzantsi Afrika endidibana nabo aluzange lucwangcise ukhetho olucacileyo, kuba i-app yotshintshiselwano yenza ukuba ukushiya iingqekembe apho kuzive ngathi yinto engagqibekanga kunokuba isigqibo.
Sisigqibo. Ezolileyo, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo uya kuyenza malunga ne-asethi.
Luyintoni ugcino lotshintshiselwano ngokwenene
Xa i-Bitcoin ihleli kwi-exchange exchange ngumgcini. Unayo i-akhawunti, ibhalansi kunye neziqinisekiso zokufikelela, kwaye ungangena nanini na xa uthanda ukubukela inombolo. Izitshixo zabucala, nangona kunjalo, ziphethwe lutshintshiselwano, kwaye ukufikelela kwakho kuxhomekeke kutshintshiselwano luhlala lusebenza, lunyibilikisa, luthembekile kwaye lufikeleleka ngokusemthethweni. Ngokomthetho ungumntu otyalwayo ongakhuselekanga kwinkampani yabucala. Ibhalansi kwi-app sisithembiso, kungekhona ingqekembe.
Kwisikhundla esincinci okanye i-horizon emfutshane eso sithembiso sifanelekile ukwamkela. Utshintshiselwano olunelayisensi yaseMzantsi Afrika lusebenza ngaphakathi kwesakhelo se-FSCA, kunye nemithetho yokwahlulwa kwe-asethi yomxhasi ejoliswe ukugcina i-Bitcoin yakho ihluke kwi-balance sheet yotshintshiselwano, kwaye ukwahlukana lukhuseleko lokwenyani umqhubi ongenaphepha-mvume akanako ukunika. Inkathazo kukuba ulwahlulo ephepheni kunye nolwahlulo ekusebenzeni yinto enye kuphela ngelixa umqhubi ethembekile kwaye e-solvent. Umngcipheko we-Counterparty ligama lomsantsa phakathi kwezo zizwe zibini, kwaye ikhula ngokuzolileyo njengoko i-holding ikhula, ngenxa yokuba ilayisenisi, utshintshiselwano oluqhutywe kakuhle luseyinkampani enye ethwele ukonga kwakho kwiziseko zayo, phantsi kolawulo lwayo, ngenceba yesigqibo sayo esibi kakhulu.
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika baphethe umaleko owongezelelweyo apha. I-Bitcoin ekhohliweyo kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle ihleli kwindawo enqamlezileyo etyhutyha ngokuchasene ne-Reserve Bank yaseMzantsi Afrika (SARB) imithetho yokuhamba kwemali, ngelixa iBitcoin efanayo elugcinweni lwakho lwendawo igcina ibali elicocekileyo lolawulo lotshintshiselwano. Ngumahluko phakathi kwe-asethi onokukhomba kuyo kunye nenye ebanjelwe kude nonxweme ekufuneka uchaze.
Iintsilelo eziqhubekayo ukwenza ingxoxo
I-Mt Gox yimeko eyafundisa isizukulwana. Kwincopho yayo ibiphethe uninzi lwazo zonke iintengiso zeBitcoin emhlabeni, kwaye ekuqaleni kuka-2014 malunga neengqekembe ezingama-850,000 zabathengi ziye zanyamalala ngenxa yomxube wokhuseleko olubuthathaka kunye nokubola kwangaphakathi. Ababolekisi balinde ngaphezu kweshumi leminyaka ukuze babuyiselwe inxenye, kwaye uninzi lwabo lwalusele lude lwayeka ukukholelwa ukuba imali ikhona.
I-FTX iphinde yabhala isifundo esifanayo ngoNovemba 2022. Ayizange igqekezwe kuyo nayiphi na ingqiqo yobugcisa. Imali yomxhasi ibingekho nje apho abathengi bebecinga ukuba ikho, ichithwe kwaye ibolekwe ngasemva kojongano olutyibilikayo olubonisa wonke umntu ibhalansi. Omabini ngamabango aye aguquka abe ngumphunga, kwaye kuzo zombini ezi meko abantu abalahlekileyo abenzanga nto iphosakeleyo ngaphandle kokushiya iingqekembe zabo kwiqonga elikhangeleka likhulu kakhulu ukuba lingasonga. UMzantsi Afrika unengeniso yawo kuloo ledja, utshintshiselwano lwasekhaya olwanqumamisa ukurhoxa ngo-2021 emva kokufumana imingxunya kwiincwadi zalo kwaye lwajika abathengi balo ukuba babe ngababolekisi ngokuvalwa ngobusuku.
Akukho nanye kule nto i-Bitcoin iyasilela.
Iprothokholi iqhubekisele phambili yonke into yokuwa ngaphandle kokuphoswa yibhloko, umahluko endiwubeke kuwo into esele iqhekeziwe. Iinkampani eziphethe iingqekembe zabanye abantu aziphumelelanga, luhlobo oludala kakhulu lokusilela ukunxiba uphawu olutsha. Isifundo asikukuba ukutshintshiselana kubi. Kungenxa yokuba ukutshintshiselana yindawo efanelekileyo yokuthenga i-Bitcoin kunye nendawo ehluphekileyo yokuyishiya.
Yiyiphi i-Ukuzigcinela ezandleni zakho, ngcono nangaphezulu
Ukuzimela ngokwakho kuthetha ukuba ubambe izitshixo zabucala ngokwakho, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-wallet ye-hardware, isixhobo esincinci esingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi esigcina izitshixo kude nantoni na enoqhagamshelwano lwenethiwekhi. Isixhobo sisayina intengiselwano xa ufuna ukusebenzisa, kodwa izitshixo azize ziyishiye ngendlela nabani na anokunqandwa ngayo. Akukho tshintshiselwano olungaphumeleliyo, akukho mgcini wokumisa iakhawunti yakho kwaye akukho mgca wenkxaso onokuthi uphuculwe ngokwentlalo ukuba unikezele ngebhalansi yakho. I-Bitcoin yeyakho ngeyona ndlela ichanekileyo itekhnoloji ivumela.
Ixabiso loko kuthe ngqo kukuba uxanduva ngoku lolwakho ngokupheleleyo. Lahla isixhobo ngaphandle kwe-backup, okanye ulahlekelwe yimbewu yokubuyisela, kwaye i-Bitcoin inokuhamba kungekho ziko kwifowuni kwaye akukho kuguqulwa kunokwenzeka. Ibinzana lembewu, ulandelelwano lwamagama oluveliswa yi-wallet yakho ekusetweni, zezona zigcina i-backup kunye nokuba semngciphekweni kokugqibela, kuba nabani na obambe loo magama ubamba iingqekembe kwaye nabani na ophulukene nazo uphulukana neengqekembe zemali. Kwenziwe ngononophelo, ii-backups ezivavanyiweyo kunye nejografi phakathi kwabo, ukuzigcina kobona bunini obunamandla obunikezwa yiBitcoin. Yenziwe ngokungakhathali idala imingcipheko yokuba ukushiya iingqekembe zemali kutshintshiselwano olunelayisensi akunakuze kwenzeke. Ndabeka indlela yokwenza ngaphandle kokuhlawula imali yesikolo eqhelekileyo isikhokelo sam kwi-Bitcoin yokuzigcina eMzantsi Afrika, ukusuka ekufuneni isixhobo ukuya kuvavanyo lokuchacha phambi kokuba isenti ihambe.
Inqaku lokuthelekisa ezi zimbini ayikokuthwesa umntu ophumeleleyo. Kukuqaphela ukuba ukuzimela akuwususi umngcipheko. Iyayifudusa, ukusuka kwiphepha lomncono lenkampani ukuya kwimikhwa yakho, kwaye kubanini abaninzi urhwebo lufanelekile ukwenza umzuzu wokuba inani libe nzulu.
Umendo ophakathi uninzi lwababambi abakhulu baphela bengafuni
Yakhelwe njengokhetho oluthe ngqo, ukuzigcina kunye notshintshiselwano ngogcino olukucela ukuba wamkele inqaku elinye lokusilela. Enye ilahleko engundoqo yokungakhathali isula ukubamba ozibambeleyo. Ukuwa kotshintshiselwano olunye kosula ukugcinwa. Kwisikhundla esikhulayo esisisibini esingakhululekanga sokhetho, yiyo loo nto kukho ilungiselelo lesithathu kwaye kutheni lifanelana nobuninzi beendawo ezinkulu endisebenza nazo.
I-multisig ehlangeneyo yahlula ulawulo kuwo wonke amaqhosha aliqela ukuze kungabikho namnye onokuhambisa nantoni yedwa. Kuseto lwe-2-of-3 kukho izitshixo ezintathu kwaye nawaphi na amabini kufuneka asayine ukuze itransekshini ibe yesemthethweni. Ubamba izitshixo, umboneleli olawulwayo ubamba esinye, kwaye izibalo zilawula. Umnikezeli akakwazi ukuhambisa i-Bitcoin yakho ngaphandle kwakho, ungayihambisa ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kumnikezeli wemihla ngemihla, kwaye isitshixo esisitshixo siyindlela yokubuyisela yomhla omnye wokulahleka okanye ukutshatyalaliswa. Ikugcina uselugcinweni lwakho ngelixa ususa i-fragility yesitshixo esisodwa esenza abantu babe noloyiko lokubamba yonke into ngokwabo. Ndichaza ubuchwephesha ngokufanelekileyo Ukugcinwa kweBitcoin kwemityikityo emininzi, kunye nendlela endiyiqhuba ngayo njengenkonzo elawulwayo iphepha leVault.
Kwi-Bitcoin ebanjwe ngenkampani okanye ukuthembela oku kuyeka ukuba mnandi kwaye ibe yinto yonke. Ibhodi ayinakukwazi ukushiya unondyebo wayo apho omnye umlawuli anokuyihambisa emva kwemini, kwaye ukuzigcina okumsulwa komntu omnye kukubeka kanye kanye loo mngcipheko wokunxiba inyanjana. Amaxwebhu e-Multisig abanini-zitshixo, anyanzela amaqela amabini kwintengiselwano nganye ngoyilo kunomgaqo-nkqubo kwaye uyasinda ngemini yokushiya umtyikityi. Imibuzo yolawulo ethi imise iibhodi ezininzi kule asethi iziphendulela ngokwayo xa ulwakhiwo lukhona, endingena kulo. ukubamba i-Bitcoin kwinkampani okanye ukuthembela.
Yeyiphi ekulungele ngokwenene
Impendulo ijika ubungakanani bokubamba, i-horizon oyibambeleyo, iqumrhu i-Bitcoin ehleli kuyo kwaye ungakanani uqeqesho lokusebenza onokuthi uthembise ngokunyanisekileyo ukuqhubeka. Akukho ophumeleleyo jikelele, kuphela ukulingana.
Kwisikhundla esincinci kwi-horizon emfutshane, utshintshiselwano lwasekhaya olunelayisensi sisiqalo esinengqiqo, kwaye ilayisensi ibala ngokunyanisekileyo apha. Kwisikhundla esikhulayo ozimisele ukusibamba iminyaka, kwaye ngakumbi kuye nabani na oye wagqiba ekubeni aphathe i-Bitcoin njengesithuthi sokugcina ixesha elide kunokuba urhwebo, umbuzo wokugcinwa ufumana ingqalelo yokwenene ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba uzive ungxamisekile. Umthetho wam ucace ngokwaneleyo ukuba ndingawuthetha ngekofu. Nje ukuba i-Bitcoin ixabiseke ngaphezu kwemali obuya kuyishiya ngolonwabo kwisihlalo semoto, izitshixo zezakho, kwaye udlule kwindawo apho isitshixo esilahlekileyo esinye singonakalisa unyaka wakho, isakhiwo kufuneka sithwale isiyalo kuwe kunokuba siphumle kwinkumbulo yakho.
Ukuzigcina kobona bunini obuthe ngqo obunikezelwayo kwaye buvuza abantu abazimiseleyo ukuba nemethodical. I-multisig ehlangeneyo kulapho ndibeka khona eyona mpahla inzima yaseMzantsi Afrika, kuba igcina ubunini obuthe ngqo ngelixa isusa impazamo enye ephela ibali. Ukugcinwa kotshintshiselwano kuzuza indawo yalo kwinqanaba lokuthenga kwaye ngelixa isikhundla sincinci, kwaye siphulukene nayo njengoko ukunyuka kwenyuka.
Gqiba ugcino phambi kokuba wakhe isikhundla
Eyona mpazamo ibiza kakhulu endiyibonayo kukungakhethi gwenxa. Ayikhethi kwaphela, ukuthenga iBitcoin kwaye uphathe apho ihlala khona njengengxaki kamva.
Kamva ithande ukufika njengesihloko. Umngcipheko wokwenene kuwo wonke umfanekiso awufanekanga ukuba i-Bitcoin iwele kwixabiso, ekubeni nabani na oyibambe iminyaka wenze uxolo kunye nojingi. Umngcipheko kukuba iingqekembe zemali ziye zingafikeleleki okanye zilahleke ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kogcino ekungekho mntu ucetyiweyo, kutshintshiselwano olugotyiweyo okanye ibinzana lembewu elingazange lixhaswe. Ilungiselelo lokugcinwa lifanele ukuba libe ngamabom njengesigqibo sokuthenga kwindawo yokuqala, kunye nokubamba okukhulu okanye okuyinkimbinkimbi oko kuthetha ukuyilungisa ngaphambi kokuba indawo yakhiwe kunokuba ubuyisele ukulungiswa xa inani likhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze uhlale uphapheme. Ukuba ungathanda ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi imodeli ehambelana nemeko yakho kunye nequmrhu lakho, unako qala incoko yogcino nam kwaye siya kuyakha malunga nobomi bakho kunokuba itemplate.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Uthini umahluko phakathi kokuzimela kunye nokutshintshiselana ngelungelo lokugcina?
Ukugcinwa kotshintshiselwano kuthetha ukuba utshintshiselwano lubambe izitshixo zabucala kwaye ubambe ukungena kunye nebhalansi. Uxhomekeke kulo tshintshiselwano luhlala lusebenza kunye ne-solvent, ekwenza ube ngumbolekisi ongakhuselekanga wenkampani yabucala. Ukuzimela ngokwakho kuthetha ukuba ubambe izitshixo ngokwakho, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-wallet ye-hardware, ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka nakubani na. I-Bitcoin kutshintshiselwano ibango elichasene notshintshiselwano. I-Bitcoin ekugcinweni kwakho yi-asethi ebanjwe ngokuthe ngqo ukuba akukho mntu wesithathu uhlala phakathi kwakho kunye.
Yintoni i-wallet ye-hardware kwaye ikhusela njani i-Bitcoin?
I-wallet ye-hardware sisixhobo esincinci esingasebenziyo esigcina izitshixo zakho zabucala kude kuyo nantoni na enonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi. Xa uthumela i-Bitcoin, isixhobo sisayina intengiselwano ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokubonisa izitshixo. Oko kususa umngcipheko weqela lotshintshiselwano kunye nokuvezwa kwe-malware yesipaji sesoftware kwilaptop. Obona buthathaka bokwenyani kukuphulukana nesixhobo kunye nebinzana lembewu eligcinayo, yiyo loo nto ii-backups ezivavanyiweyo ezigcinwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezikhuselekileyo zibalulekile kunophawu lwesixhobo.
Yintoni i-2-of-3 multisig kwaye kutheni ibalulekile kubanini baseMzantsi Afrika?
I-2-of-3 ye-multisig wallet isebenzisa izitshixo ezithathu kwaye ifuna nasiphi na isibini kubo ukuba sisayine ngaphambi kokuba i-Bitcoin ihambe, ngoko ke akukho sitshixo sisebenza sodwa. Ixabiso layo kukuba isusa inqaku elinye lokungaphumeleli kokubini ukuzigcina okucocekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kokugcinwa kotshintshiselwano, apho isitshixo esilahlekileyo okanye utshintshiselwano olwahlulekayo luphela ibali. Ilungiselelo lentsebenziswano likuvumela ukuba ubambe izitshixo ngelixa umboneleli olawulayo ebambe esinye, ekugcina ekugcinweni kwakho ngelixa esongeza indlela yokubuyisela kunye nolawulo oluhambelana neendawo ezinkulu, iinkampani kunye neetrasti.
Ngaba kukhuselekile ukushiya i-Bitcoin kutshintshiselwano lwaseMzantsi Afrika?
Utshintshiselwano olunelayisensi yaseMzantsi Afrika olusebenza ngaphakathi kwesakhelo se-FSCA kunye nokwahlulwa kwempahla yomxhasi kunika ukhuseleko olungaphezulu kunomntu ongagunyaziswanga, kwaye ngexabiso elincinci okanye ngelixa ubeka ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala. Ukubamba okukhulu okanye ixesha elide, ukugcinwa kotshintshiselwano kuthwala umngcipheko weqela elikhula kunye nesikhundla. Umgaqo wam osebenzayo kukuba i-Bitcoin iba yinto efanelekileyo yokubamba ezandleni zakho njengoko inani linyuka. Unga bhukisha umnxeba ukwenza amalungiselelo afanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
Khusela iBitcoin yakho ngokufanelekileyo.
I-SimplB inceda abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bathenge, bakhusele kwaye bamise i-Bitcoin ngokuthobelayo, njengoMmeli woBugqwetha we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).
Bhukha umnxeba wokufunyanwa