Ngaba kufuneka ubambe iBitcoin kwiNkampani, iTrasti okanye igama lomntu? Umbuzo waseMzantsi Afrika

Uninzi lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika bathenga iBitcoin yabo yokuqala ngegama labo kuba kulapho uhambo luqala khona. Akukho nto iphosakeleyo ngaloo nto. Inkathazo ifika kwiminyaka kamva, xa ukubamba kukhulile kwaye kuyihambisa kwenye indawo kuye kwaba ngumcimbi werhafu. Igama lomntu, inkampani kunye nentembelo nganye ixazulula ingxaki eyahlukileyo. Ukukhetha kwangethuba kunexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ukukhetha emva kwexesha akufane kwenzeke.

Kutheni isakhiwo singumbuzo ongxamisekileyo kunye neBitcoin

Kwii-asethi ezininzi umbuzo wesakhiwo unokulinda. Ungabamba ii-unit trust egameni lakho iminyaka engamashumi amabini, uthathe isigqibo malunga namashumi amahlanu ukuba intembeko yosapho yenza ingqiqo kwaye uhambise izinto ngaphandle kwedrama enkulu, kuba ukukhula bekuzinzile kwaye neendleko zokudluliselwa ziyalawuleka. Ishishini leengcebiso lakhiwe malunga naloo thayimthebhile yokuzonwabisa.

I-Bitcoin ayiyihloniphi isicwangciso samaxesha. Isikhundla ebesiyimali yepokotho ngo-2016 sisixhobo esinzima namhlanje kwaye yonke irandi yokukhula yinzuzo engafikelelekiyo ehleli kulo naliphi na igama othe walisebenzisa ekuqaleni. Hambisa iingqekembe kwi-trust okanye inkampani ngoku kwaye iNkonzo yeRhafu yaseMzantsi Afrika (SARS) ithatha inyathelo ngokwayo njengento yokulahla kwixabiso lemarike. Irhafu iwa ngokufanelekileyo kwindawo yokudluliselwa, kwinzuzo yephepha ongazange uyibhanke kwaye awukwazi ukuyichitha, kunokuba kwindawo yokuthengisa ekugqibeleni.

I-asethi ayilindi iphepha lakho.

Kukho ingxaki yesibini ukuba izabelo kunye nepropathi azize ziveze. I-Bitcoin yi-asethi yomthwali, ngoko ke nabani na olawula izitshixo ulawula ixabiso. Inkundla inokuqinisekisa iindlalifa zakho. Ayinakukwazi ukususa ukuntsonkotha kweqhosha labucala. Ulwakhiwo olusemthethweni kunye nolungiselelo lokugcinwa ngoko ke kufuneka luyilwe kunye, kuba itrasti engumnini weBitcoin akukho mntu unokufikelela ebalini kune-asethi. I-SARS okwangoku iphatha i-Bitcoin ngokulinganayo njenge-asethi yeenjongo zerhafu, ngoko ke irhafu yenzuzo eyinkunzi, uxanduva lwezindlu kunye nerhafu yeminikelo inokuvela zonke. Zeziphi iirhafu ezisebenzayo zixhomekeke ekubeni ngubani igama elihlala kwi-asethi, eso sisigqibo siphela.

Yintoni ebambe iBitcoin egameni lakho iindleko

Igama lomntu kulapho phantse wonke umntu eqala khona kwaye ngesizathu esihle. Akukho qumrhu liza kubhalisa, akukho zimbuyekezo zonyaka, akukho ntlawulo ye-accounting kwaye akukho ntlanganiso zabaphathiswa. FICA sisazisi sakho kunye nobungqina bedilesi. Ukuba ukubamba kwakho kuthozamile, igama lakho liyimpendulo echanekileyo kwaye akukho mntu kufuneka akuxelele ukuba uhlawulele isakhiwo ongasidingi.

Ukuphathwa kwerhafu kunamasebe amabini. Ukuba i-SARS iyavuma ukuba i-Bitcoin yakho lutyalo-mali lwexesha elide, iinzuzo ziyinkunzi: i-40% yenzuzo ifakiwe kwingeniso yakho erhafiswayo, ethi kwizinga eliphezulu lomda we-45% inika isilingi esebenzayo ye-18%, ithambe nge-R40,000 yokungabandakanywa ngonyaka. Ukuba ukuziphatha kwakho kujongeka njengokurhweba, inzuzo epheleleyo ingena kumvuzo wakho ngamaqondo afikelela kuma-45%. Umgca phakathi kwaloo masebe uzotywe ngenjongo kunye nokuziphatha kwaye ndibeka indlela yokuhlala kwicala lasekunene kuyo into omawuyixele kwi-SARS ngo-2026. Khumbula ukuba i-SARS inokubona ngaphezu kokuba abantu bacinga, kuba ityale imali kwisakhono sokuhlalutya ukuhamba nokuphuma kwiiplatifomu zendawo kwaye isayinwe kwi-Organisation ye-Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) yenkqubo yengxelo ye-crypto-asethi, kunye notshintshiselwano oluzenzekelayo lolwazi phakathi kwabasemagunyeni berhafu ngenxa ye-2027.

Ukufa kulapho igama lobuqu libiza kakhulu.

Iingqekembe zakho zihlala ngaphakathi kwendawo yakho ofanele uhlawule ngayo. Umrhumo wezindlu ubaleka kuma-20% kwi-R30 yezigidi zokuqala ngaphezulu kwe-R3.5 yezigidi zokuthotywa kwaye ngama-25% ngaphaya koko. Ukufa kuphinda kubangele ukulahlwa okucingelwayo ngeenjongo ze-CGT, ngoko ke umhlaba unokujongana nerhafu yenzuzo eyinkunzi kunye nomthwalo wempahla kwiingqekembe zemali ezifanayo kwangaloo nyaka. Kwindawo yokubamba eyenze into eyenziwa yiBitcoin ngokwembali, ezo ziganeko zibini zithe kratya kukucheba iinwele phambi kokuba iindlalifa zakho zibone isenti.

Umngcipheko omkhulu awuyiyo nerhafu. Lufikelelo. Umabi-lifa ongazange eve ngebinzana lembewu akakwazi ukufumana iingqekembe zemali kwi-wallet yehardware kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Ndabhala ngaloo ndlela yokusilela kwi kwenzeka ntoni kwiBitcoin yakho xa usifa kwaye inguqulelo emfutshane kukuba i-SARS isahlawulwa ngelixa usapho ngamanye amaxesha lungafumani nto.

Xa inkampani ilikhaya elifanelekileyo

Inkampani ihlawula irhafu yengeniso kwi-27% kwaye ibandakanya i-80% yenzuzo enkulu, esebenza kwizinga elisebenzayo le-CGT lama-21.6%. Kwiphepha elihlala ngokukhululekileyo phakathi komntu kunye netrust. Iphepha liyalahlekisa ukuba uyeka ukufunda apho, kuba inkampani ikwisiqingatha sendlu.

Inzuzo yeyenkampani, hayi kuwe. Ukuyifumana ezandleni zakho njengesahlulo kubiza enye i-20% kwirhafu yezabelo, nto leyo ityhala ixabiso lilonke lenzuzo efunyenweyo netsalwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphaya kwe-37%.

Owesibini umaleko ngulowo ulibalayo ngabantu.

Inkampani ke ngoko isebenza ngcono xa iBitcoin ingaphakathi kwishishini ngokwenyani: i-surplus treasury capital, uvimba inkampani erhwebayo ifuna ukupakishwa kwi-asethi enzima kunerandi, inkampani yotyalo-mali esele ikho ngenxa yezizathu zayo endaweni yerhafu kuphela. Ndenze i-treasury case ngokufanelekileyo Bitcoin njengonondyebo weshishini eMzantsi Afrika.

Iinkampani nazo azifi, yingxoxo yokulandelelana. Izabelo zitshintsha izandla ngelixa iingqekembe zihlala zihleli. Khumbula nokuba izabelo zakho kuloo nkampani ziyi-asethi yempahla, ngoko ke inkampani ngokwayo ayiwususi uxanduva lwezindlu. Itshintsha nje into ekufuneka yenziwe ngumenzi welifa.

Ulawulo yimali yokwenene kwakhona. Iingxelo zemali zonyaka, i-CIPC iyabuya kwaye mhlawumbi uphicotho-zincwadi lufika minyaka le ukuba i-Bitcoin ihambile okanye hayi. Ulawulo lotshintshiselwano longeza umaleko walo kuyo nayiphi na inkampani ecinga ngentshukumo yexabiso elingaphesheya kolwandle.

Incoko yokuthembana, ngokunyaniseka

Iitrasti zithengiswa nzima kweli lizwe kwaye iBitcoin inike i-pitch amandla amatsha. Uguqulelo olunyanisekileyo luncinci. I-trust lolona luhlu lunamandla lolandelelwano olunikezelwa ngumthetho waseMzantsi Afrika kwaye yenye yezona zinto zixabisa kakhulu kwirhafu, ngoko ke owona mbuzo ngowokuba ingaba into ethengiswa yitrasti yile nto ufuna ukuyithenga.

Qala ngeendleko. I-trust engeyiyo i-trust ekhethekileyo ihlawula irhafu yengeniso kwi-flat 45% kwaye ibandakanya i-80% yeenzuzo zenkunzi, evelisa izinga eliphezulu le-CGT elisebenzayo kwinkqubo: 36%, ngaphandle kokukhutshwa ngonyaka ukuyithambisa. Iitrasti ezikhethekileyo, uhlobo oludalelwe umntu okhubazekileyo okanye olumiselwe phantsi komyolelo wabantwana abancinci, lurhafiswa njengabantu ngabanye nge-18%.

Uninzi lweetrasti zosapho eziphethe ii-asethi zotyalo-mali azizo trust ezikhethekileyo.

Kukho ivalve yoxinzelelo. Phantsi komgaqo we-conduit i-trust inokuthi ibeke inzuzo kumxhamli ngonyaka ovelayo kwaye loo nzuzo itsalelwa irhafu ezandleni zomxhamli kwiirhafu zomxhamli. Ivalve inceda ngesantya. Ikwalisusa ixabiso kwi-trust nakwilifa lomntu othile, nto leyo kanye le nto ithembiso yayakhelwe ukunqanda, ke uhlawulela isiqabu ngento obuyikhusela.

Ngoku inzuzo. Ii-asethi ezizezakho ngokufanelekileyo zetrasti azihlali kwi-ofisi yakho kwaye itrasti ayifi xa usenza njalo. Ukufa kwakho akuqalisi ukulahlwa kwezi ngqekembe kwaye akukho xanduva lwezindlu luwela kuzo. Kusapho olucingayo kwizizukulwana kuneminyaka yerhafu, oko kuqhubeka kuyimeko yonke.

Inkxaso-mali yetrasti kulapho icandelo 7C lilinda khona. Uninzi lwabantu lufaka ixabiso kwi-akhawunti yemali-mboleko engenanzala kwaye icandelo 7C liphatha inzala ongayibizanga njengomnikelo ophinda uwenze rhoqo ngonyaka, irhafiswa ngama-20% xa uphumelele i-R100,000 yokukhululwa kwiziphoso zonyaka. Ayonakalisi. Yidriphu esisigxina ekwimodeli phambi kokuba usayine nantoni na.

Isenzo ngokwaso sinobunzima obuninzi kunokuba uninzi lwabaphathiswa becinga. Uninzi lwezenzo ezindala azizange zicinge nge-asethi ye-crypto kunye netrasti ethenga i-Bitcoin ngaphandle kwamandla okwenza oko iphendula yona buqu. Isenzo kufuneka sibize ii-asethi ze-crypto ngokucacileyo kwaye sichaze i-Bitcoin njenge-asethi ye-asethi enolawulo oluchaziweyo olujikeleze izitshixo, ngelixa izitshixo ngokwazo zihlala ziphuma kuwo onke amaxwebhu asemthethweni. Ndikhuphe amagama ngaphakathi into ekufuneka uyitsho nge-Bitcoin isenzo sakho sokuthembela.

I-arithmetic yokuhamba kamva

Beka amanani kwiindleko zokuhlengahlengisa, kuba amanani ayinto abantu abavakalelwa ngayo. Masithi uphethe iingqekembe ezixabisa iR5 yezigidi ezixabisa iR1 million. Zidlulisele kusapho lwakho oluthembakeleyo kwaye imithetho yomntu oqhagamsheleneyo ibonwa njengelahleko ngokwexabiso lemarike, ngoko ke inzuzo ye-R4 yezigidi ixhokonxa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-R720,000 ye-CGT ezandleni zakho nangona ungathengisi nto kwaye ungafumani nto. Inkxaso-mali yokhutshelo ngeakhawunti yemali-mboleko kwaye icandelo 7C liqalisa ukuthontsiza ngonyaka kwi-R5 yezigidi ezipheleleyo. Nikelani ngeengqekembe endaweni yoko kwaye irhafu yeminikelo ithatha i-20%, inyuke iye kuma-25% ngaphezulu kwe-R30 yezigidi.

Ukuba i-trust ithenge iingqekembe ekuqaleni, akukho nanye kuloo nto ivelayo.

Iinkampani azikho uhlobo oluthile. Ukunikela nge-asethi kwinkampani yinto yokulahla. Uncedo oluqengqelekayo lukhona kwintengiselwano ethile ye-asethi-yesabelo kwaye iza neemeko ezifuna izandla zobuchwephesha kuneposti yebhlog. Umgaqo jikelele uphila ngaphandle kwayo yonke into: esona sigqibo sisezantsi seso senziwe ngaphambi kokukhula, nto leyo yeBitcoin ithetha kwangaphambili kunokuziva kwendalo.

Ugcino kufuneka luhambelane nesakhiwo

Apha kulapho umntu kunye nequmrhu behamba ngendlela ebukhali. Ungazibamba iingqekembe zakho kwi-wallet yehardware kwaye akukho mntu uya kukunqanda. Iqumrhu alinakuba yinto nje eqhelekileyo. I-Reserve Bank ithathe indawo yokuba ukuhambisa i-crypto assets kwi-Ukuzigcinela ixabisa ukukhutshwa kwexabiso langaphandle, okushiya ukugcinwa kwe-DIY ngokungekho sikweni imodeli yokusebenza eyingozi ngokwenene kwinkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye i-trust. Amaqumrhu akwanazo iimfanelo zolawulo umntu angaze ajongane nazo: ngubani osayinayo, kweliphi inqanaba, kwenzeka ntoni xa umphathiswa erhoxa okanye umlawuli efuduka.

Lo msantsa yiyo kanye le nto ndiqhuba iVault njengogcino lwentsebenziswano endaweni yokuba imveliso ikugcinele iingqekembe zemali. Lulungiselelo lwe-2-of-3 ye-multisig. Ubambe izitshixo ezibini kwizixhobo zakho, i-Trezor kunye ne-Ileja, ngelixa ndibambe isitshixo sokubuyisela i-Coldcard njengomlenze wesithathu olawulwayo nge-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933). Akukho mntu ubambe isitshixo unokuhambisa nantoni na yedwa. Iqumrhu ligcina ubunini be-asethi ethe ngqo ngolawulo lwesininzi ngelixa ulawulo luhleli ngaphakathi kwesakhelo esinephepha-mvume. I-Vault ikwabhala ubunini kunye nexabiso lokufunyanwa kwerandi, apho umcwangcisi-mali wakho aya kukubulela ngalo ngexesha lokufayilisha. Ndenza ezintlanu kwezi seto ngenyanga, kubantu kunye namaqumrhu omabini.

FICA izikali kunye nesakhiwo. Iprofayile yakho yobuqu idinga ikopi yesazisi sakho kunye nobungqina bedilesi. Inkampani izisa amaxwebhu obhaliso, iinkcukacha zobunini ezinenzuzo kunye nokuqinisekiswa komlawuli. I-trust izisa isenzo, iinkcukacha zetrasti kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ulwazi lwabaxhamli ngokunjalo. Ababoneleli ngenkonzo ye-asethi ye-Crypto baye baba ngamaziko aphendulayo phantsi koMthetho we-FIC ukususela ngoDisemba 2022, ngoko akukho nanye into ekhethiweyo. Kuthatha nje ixesha elide kunokuba abantu balindele, ngoko qalisa ukukhwela ngaphambi kokuba uhambe.

Ndingagqiba njani

Okwam ukufunda, emva kweminyaka elishumi yezi ncoko, kuqhubeka ngolu hlobo. Ukuba ukubamba kwakho kuhlala ngaphantsi kwendawo apho uxanduva lwezindlu luluma khona, hlala egameni lakho kwaye uchithe amandla akho elugcinweni kunye nomyolelo ofanelekileyo endaweni yoko. Ukuba iBitcoin iyinkunzi yeshishini, inkampani ihlala isele iyimpendulo kuba kulapho imali ihlala khona. Ukuba uyakha ngokunyanisekileyo kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana kwaye unokwamkela i-36% kwiinzuzo ezigciniweyo njengexabiso lokuqhubekeka, i-trust ifumana ukugcinwa kwayo, phantsi komqathango wokuba imiselwe kwaye ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo kunokuba ithengwe njengetemplate.

Nantoni na oyikhethayo, sebenzisa amanani kunye nomcebisi wakho werhafu kunye nomcebisi we-fiduciary ngaphambi kokuba i-satoshi enye ihambe. Akukho nto kweli phepha ingcebiso kwaye iinyani zakho ziya kugoba impendulo ngeendlela inqaku eliqhelekileyo elingenakubonwa. Ndiyakuvuyela ukuhlala kuloo ntlanganiso; incoko yesakhiwo ihamba ngcono xa umntu osegumbini ebuyisele isipaji semultisig.

Ulwakhiwo luthatha isigqibo sokuba ngubani umnikazi weBitcoin yakho kwaye ugcino luthatha isigqibo sokuba nabani na. Lungisa zombini ngelixa isigqibo sisesexabiso eliphantsi, kuba uguqulelo lwale ngxaki odibana nalo kwiminyaka elishumi linoziro ngaphezulu kulo.