I-Bitcoin kunye ne-FICA: Yintoni abaTyali-mali baseMzantsi Afrika ekufuneka beyazi malunga nokuthotyelwa kwe-Anti-Imali Laundering

I-FICA ayingomaphepha emi phakathi kwakho kunye neBitcoin yakho. Ngamaphepha angqina ukuba iBitcoin yeyakho. I-Financial Intelligence Centre Act icela umboneleli onelayisenisi ukuba akwazi ukuba ungubani na, aqonde apho ivela khona imali yakho kwaye adwelise nayiphi na into ekhangeleka ingalunganga. Uninzi lwabathengi bahlangabezana nayo njengefomu. Eyona nto iyakhayo yirekhodi ecocekileyo uya kukuvuyela ukuba nemini enye igosa elibuza umbuzo onzima.

Yiba nomfanekiso ngentsasa yangoLwesine kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Injineli edla umhlala-phantsi yaseSomerset West ifuna ukususa malunga nezigidi ezi-2 zeerandi ukusuka kwintengiso yeshishini ukuya kwiBitcoin. Ufika kwi-onboarding elindele ukuxoxa ngexabiso lengqekembe kwaye endaweni yoko uchitha imizuzu engamashumi amabini ethetha ngesivumelwano sokuthengisa asivala ngo-2019. Ucaphuka kancinci. Emva koko ndiyamchazela ukuba le ncoko inye yiyo emvumela ukuba athengise ngenye imini abuyisele irandi ebhankini yakhe ngaphandle kombuzo omnye, kwaye imood iyatshintsha. Leyo yi-FICA yenza umsebenzi wayo wokwenyani, ngokuzolileyo, phambi kokuba athenge nantoni na.

Iqale nini i-FICA ukufaka isicelo kwi-Bitcoin?

Kukho umhla onzima. Izilungiso kwiishedyuli zoMthetho we-FIC zaqala ukusebenza nge-19 kunye ne-31 kaDisemba 2022, kunye neNqanaba elitsha le-22 yeShedyuli ye-1 ebizwa ngokuba ngababoneleli ngenkonzo ye-crypto asset njengamaziko aphendulayo. Olo tshintsho lunye lwehlise ubunzima obupheleleyo bencwadi yomthetho echasene nokuthutyeleziswa kwemali kuye nabani na orhweba ngeBitcoin kubantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Ayizange ivele nje. Iphendule uphononongo lowama-2019 olwenziwa yiFinancial Action Task Force, iqumrhu lehlabathi elimisela le migangatho, elifumanise ukuba uMzantsi Afrika awuliphathi eli candelo.

Ukuba liziko eliphendulayo akuyonto elula. Kuthetha ukubekwa kweliso kabini liZiko lezoBuntlola kwezeMali kunye ne-FSCA ngokurhwaphiliza imali kunye nomngcipheko wokuxhasa ubunqolobi. Umboneleli weBitcoin onelayisensi ngoku uphethe imisebenzi engundoqo efana nebhanki yakho. Ndihamba ngendlela yonke inkqubo edibana ngayo isikhokelo sam sokuthotyelwa kwemithetho yeBitcoin eMzantsi Afrika, kodwa i-FICA yinxalenye oziva ngayo kuqala, ngosuku lokuqala, ngaphambi kokuba ube nesatoshi enye.

Yintoni efunwa yi-FICA kumboneleli onelayisensi

Izibophelelo zehla kwizinto ezimbalwa ezenziwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Umboneleli kufuneka aqinisekise isazisi sakho ngesazisi esikhutshwe ngurhulumente, aqinisekise idilesi yakho yokuhlala kwaye, kwiqumrhu, akhangele ukuba ngoobani abanini bokwenene babantu kunye nabalawuli. Kufuneka iqonde umsebenzi wakho, umthombo wemali yakho kunye nento ozimisele ukuyenza ngeakhawunti. Apho umxhasi okanye intengiselwano ibonakala isengozini enkulu, iya phambili kwaye icela ngaphezulu. Ukuba kukho into ewela umgca ibe yinto ekrokrisayo, ibika ukuba kwiZiko lezoBuntlola beMali kunokuba uhlale kuyo. Kwaye igcina iirekhodi.

Iirekhodi zeminyaka emihlanu. Elo nani linobunzima obuninzi kunokuba livakala.

Lonke uxwebhu lwesazisi, inqaku ngalinye lomthombo wenkxaso-mali, yonke intengiselwano iyagcinwa kwaye iyafumaneka kwi-FIC, kumthetho okanye ku-SARS xa uceliwe. Ngokwenza, kwi-SimplB, oko kuthetha ukuba ndiqokelela i-ID yakho, ndiqinisekise ubuso bakho ngokuchasene nayo ngomnikezeli wam wokuthotyelwa, uqinisekise idilesi yakho, ubuze into oyenzayo kunye nalapho imali ivela khona, kwaye ndikukhusele ngokuchasene noluhlu lwezohlwayo zemali ekujoliswe kuzo i-FIC ipapasha. Ukuba uvule iakhawunti yebhanki kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, akukho nanye kwezi eya kuziva ingaphandle. Nantso ke ingongoma. I-Bitcoin ngoku ihleli ngaphakathi kweendonga ezifanayo.

Kutheni umtyalo-mali othembekileyo ephuma phambili

Ukuba imali yakho icocekile, i-FICA ikwakhela ngokuthula i-asethi abantu abaninzi abakhe bacinge ngayo: ubungqina. Ifayile yomboneleli-nkonzo iba bubungqina bokuba ubhengeze apho imali isuka khona kwaye iziko elinelayisenisi, neziko eliphantsi kweliso lakwamnkela emva kokwenza umsebenzi ofanelekileyo. Xa i-SARS ijonga indawo yakho yeBitcoin, awukhuphi ukuphinda uphinde wenze ibali ukusuka kwiscreenshots. Ukhomba kwirekhodi esele iphethwe yifemu elawulwayo. Ndigubungele indlela i-SARS ebona ngayo lo msebenzi ngolawulo lwengxelo ye-CARF indlela yam yokuthenga iBitcoin eMzantsi Afrika, kwaye ezi ngxelo zimbini ziyomelezana.

Ukhuseleko luqhuba ngenye indlela. Ngelixa umnikezeli ekufakela ekuqinisekiseni okufanelekileyo, uyazi ukuba ujongene nomntu ophendula kwi-FSCA kunye ne-FIC kuneqonga elingagunyaziswanga kwindawo ongazange uyindwendwele kwaye awukwazi ukumangalela. Kwitrasti okanye inkampani ixabiso liyadityaniswa. Iqumrhu elibambe i-Bitcoin ngesakhiwo esinelayisensi ligqiba ngekhonkco elipheleleyo lobungqina: iirekhodi zokuqinisekisa eziqinisekisa ukuba ngubani na abaphathiswa kunye nabaxhamli, ingxelo yentengiselwano kwi-SARS, kunye namaxwebhu okugcinwa abonisa ngqo apho iingqekembe zigcinwe khona. Elotsheyini libambe kuphicotho-zincwadi lwerhafu, ekuqukunjelweni kwezindlu kunye nakwimpikiswano malunga nokuba itrasti ibiqhutywa njani na. Ndibeke icala lequmrhu ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi indlela endiqhuba ngayo ukhuseleko, ukuthotyelwa kunye nokugcinwa kwe-SimplB.

Iitrasti kunye neenkampani zifumana unyango olupheleleyo

Umntu ulungile. Iqumrhu kulapho iFICA ifumana khona igama layo. Umthetho awuvumeli i-trust okanye inkampani ifihle abantu emva kwayo, ngoko ke umboneleli kufuneka afikelele kwisakhiwo kubanini bokwenene kunye nabalawuli. Kwinkampani oko kuthetha ukuchonga nabani na ophethe ikota okanye ngaphezulu kwezabelo kunye nabalawuli kunye nabatyikityi abagunyazisiweyo. Kuba trust iya banzi kunokuba uninzi lwabaseki belindele.

Wonke umseki, wonke umntu othenjwayo, wonke umntu oza kuxhamla ochaziweyo naye wonke umntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba asebenzele itrasti kufuneka aqinisekiswe phambi kokuba kuvulwe iakhawunti okanye iVault. Ecaleni kwabantu, umboneleli uqokelela iileta zegunya ezigximfizwe nguMphathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo, uxwebhu lwetrasti kunye nesigqibo somphathiswa. Ndiwubukele lo mhlaba uyimfuneko kumntu othe waseka intembeko yosapho kubantwana bakhe kwishumi leminyaka eyadlulayo kwaye andizange ndicinge ukuba abaxhamli babo abakwishumi elivisayo baya kufuna ukuba FICA iqinisekiswe. Benjenjalo. Ndiyicacisa indlela iqumrhu ngokwalo elimele lakhiwe ngayo kwiBitcoin iqhekeza lam kwi-trust deed yeBitcoin eMzantsi Afrika.

Umthombo wemali umbuzo

Eli lelona candelo livelisa eyona imeyile, ngoko ke mandicace malunga nayo. Xa uxhasa ngemali i-akhawunti ye-Bitcoin, uxela apho imali ivela khona. Ngeemali ezincinci umboneleli uya kusamkela ngokwakhe eso sibhengezo. Ukutyhala kudlule umda onentsingiselo kwaye icela ukubona imvelaphi: isitatimenti sebhanki esibonisa umvuzo, isivumelwano esivela kwintengiso yepropati, ileta evela kwilifa eqinisekisa ilifa. Imali enyanisekileyo phantse isoloko ishiya umkhondo. Ingxaki iqala kuphela xa umntu engakwazi ukubonisa enye.

Akukho mntu ukugocayo. Umnikezeli uyanelisa umsebenzi osemthethweni wokuqinisekisa ukuba umthombo usemthethweni, kwaye iiflegi ezibomvu ezibukeleyo zibonakala zicacileyo. Iimali ezivela kwiqonga elingenalo lokwenyani lokulawula umxhasi wakho. Imali ehanjiswa ngokuxuba okanye ukudilika iinkonzo ezakhelwe ukufihla apho ivela khona. Ukuthenga ngaphandle kwenyathelo nayo yonke enye into umboneleli ayaziyo ngawe. Chaza ingeniso yengqesho kwaye uyibuyisele ngengxelo kwaye i-akhawunti iyavulwa. Chaza umthombo ophikisana nembali yakho ebhaliweyo kwaye uya kufumana imibuzo emininzi, okanye ukwehla.

Ingcebiso yam, ukuba izinto zakho zinzima, kukufika sele ulungile. Yiza nesivumelwano sokuthengisa, isaziso sokwabiwa, incwadi yelifa, nantoni na echaza imali, kwaye ingxabano iyanyamalala ngaphambi kokuba iqale. Injineli yaseSomerset West yenza kanye oko kutyelelo lwayo lwesibini yaye ingxelo yavulwa kwangaloo mvakwemini.

Kutheni uphononongo alufani kumntu wonke

FICA ibaleka emngciphekweni, hayi ngokurhanelwa. Ingcali ehlawulwayo ibeka ibhonasi kwiBitcoin ihleli ekupheleni kokukhanya kwesikali. Umnini weshishini onemithamo ephezulu yentengiselwano, umxhasi osebenza kwindawo esemngciphekweni ophezulu okanye umntu obhengezwe ngokwezopolitiko uhlala ecaleni kwayo kwaye afumane ingqwalasela engakumbi. Umboneleli ulinganisa iprofayile yakho, ubungakanani bentengiselwano ngokuchasene neprofayili, ukusetyenziswa okucetywayo kunye nalapho usekwe khona, kwaye ulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo.

Akukho nanye kwezi sisityholo. Inqanaba lokujonga libonisa ngokulula umngcipheko ovavanyiweyo, yiyo loo nto ukungafihli kuyeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo ngokukhwela. Tshela umboneleli ngokucacileyo ukuba ungubani, into oyenzayo kunye nento oceba ukuyenza ngeBitcoin kunye nenkqubo ehambayo. Nika iimpendulo ezingacacanga okanye ezikrokrisayo kwaye umema elona hlolisiso ubunethemba lokukuphepha.

Xa umboneleli kufuneka afake ingxelo

Ukuba umsebenzi uwela kummandla okrokreleka ngokwenene, umboneleli-nkonzo kufuneka ngokomthetho ayixele kwiZiko lezobuNtlola kwezeMali. Izinto ezibangela ukuba ulindeleke: iintengiselwano ezishiyana kabukhali ukusuka kwiprofayile echaziweyo yomthengi, imali eyakhiweyo ukuya kwimida yokuxela idada, iipateni ezibotshelelwe kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu kunye nayo nayiphi na into ethwala iminwe yokurhwaphiliza okanye ubuqhophololo.

Kumtyali-mali othobelayo oku akusiyo isiganeko. Umsebenzi wakho uhambelana neprofayile yakho, ke akukho nto iphawulwayo. Ingxaki kukungahambelani. Xela ukuba ungumntu odla umhlala-phantsi uphila nge-R5,000 ngenyanga, uze ufake i-R5 yezigidi kwaye uthenge i-Bitcoin, kwaye intengiselwano iyaphikisana nayo yonke into ekwifayile. Ingxelo iyalandela. Ayisosigwebo. Yiflegi, kwaye apho kukho ingcaciso esemthethweni, amaxwebhu alungisa umbuzo ngokukhawuleza. Kungenxa yoko le nto ndisala ukunceda nabani na iphepha malunga nokungahambelani ekukhweleni: ingxelo ikhona ngokuchanekileyo ukubamba loo nto.

Loluphi ulwazi olungeyonyani oluxabisa ngokwenene

Ukulala kwifomu ye-FICA lityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye ndithetha oko ngokoqobo kunokuba liqhinga lokoyikisa. Xela umthombo wemali ongeyonyani, umsebenzi wobuxoki okanye idilesi yobuxoki kwaye wenze ubuqhophololo. Ukuba umboneleli emva kwexesha uyayityhila, umthetho ubophelela umboneleli ukuba ayixele, kwaye iziphumo ziphuma kwi-akhawunti evaliweyo ukuya kumcimbi onikezelwe kunyanzeliso lomthetho.

Ukuba uphethe i-Bitcoin engachazwanga kwaye ufuna ukuyizisa ekukhanyeni, indlela yiNkqubo yokuZixela ngokuZithandela, ayisiyontsomi efanelekileyo ekukhweleni. Thetha nomcebisi werhafu phambi kokuba uvule nantoni na entsha ukuba imbali yakho iphixane.

Umthetho wokuHamba kunye neengqekembe ezihambayo phakathi kwababoneleli

Ileja yeBitcoin yayisoloko ivuliwe. Umaleko wokuthotyelwa owujikelezileyo ngoku ubambekile. Ngaphantsi kweNgcebiso ye-FATF ye-16, eyaziwa ngokuba nguMgaqo wokuHamba, ukuchonga ulwazi malunga nomthumeli kunye nomamkeli kufuneka ahambe nokudluliselwa phakathi kwabanikezeli benkonzo. UMzantsi Afrika wenze le khonkrithi ngoMyalelo we-9 we-FIC, owakhutshwa ngomhla we-15 kuNovemba ka-2024 kwaye usebenza ukususela ngomhla wama-30 kuTshazimpuzi ka-2025. Xa iingqekembe zihamba phakathi kwababoneleli abanelayisensi ababini, umthumeli kunye neenkcukacha zomamkeli zihamba nazo.

Isiphumo esisebenzayo sisuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni ukuba ukudluliselwa ngokungaziwa phakathi kwamaziko akusaphuki. Ukuba ubambe i-Bitcoin kutshintshiselwano olunelayisensi yangaphandle, elo qonga liphendula kwinguqulelo yalo yale mithetho, kwaye ngokutshintshiselana ngokuzenzekela ngolwazi lwe-akhawunti yemali igunya layo lerhafu yasekhaya linokudlulisa iinkcukacha zakho kwi-SARS. Ukuhamba kweBitcoin kude nonxweme akuyenzi ukuba iphele. Ukuba kukho nantoni na ephindaphinda amajelo apho irekhodi inokwakhiwa ngokutsha, esesinye isizathu sokugcina ikopi yakho yaloo rekhodi icocekile kwasekuqaleni.