Ingozi ye-Bitcoin nephothifoliyo: Ukubalwa Okuthembeke Kakhudlwana

Ingozi eqeda isikhundla Bitcoin cishe never intengo. Usayizi wendawo. Yenza usayizi ungalungile futhi ukudonsa okuvamile kukuguqule ube umdayisi ophoqelelwe ngesikhathi esibi kakhulu. Kwenze kahle futhi ukudweba okufanayo kuba inombolo yephepha ongahlala kuyo. Lesi yisibalo esithembeke kakhulu, futhi siqala ngokulinganisa ukulahlekelwa ongakusinda kunokulahlekelwa okwesabayo.

Ngike ngabuka abantu ababili bethenga inani elifanayo leBitcoin ngenani elifanayo lerandi ngesonto elilodwa futhi bagcina benemiphumela ehluke ngokuphelele. Omunye ubanjwe iminyaka futhi ungaphambili kahle. Enye yathengiswa ngokutatazela ngemva kwezinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili, yehla ngo-60%, ngoba yayifake imali eyayingakwazi ukuyiyeka. Impahla iziphathe ngendlela efanayo kukho kokubili. Usayizi awuzange.

Ingozi yangempela ukuba umdayisi ophoqelelwe

Izingxoxo eziningi ezibeka engcupheni mayelana ne-Bitcoin zilungisa isimo esishubile, njengokungathi ingozi ingusayizi we-swing. Umjiko awukona okukuzwisa ubuhlungu. Okukuzwisa ubuhlungu ukuphoqeleka ukuthi udayise i-mid-swing, ngentengo ongayikhethanga, ngoba impilo noma amandla aphoqelele isandla sakho. Ukudonswa phansi okungama-60% ongakulinda kuyaphazamisa. Ukwehliswa okufanayo, lapho inkokhelo ye-South African Revenue Service (SARS) ikhokhwa noma isitolimende sebhondi, iba ukulahlekelwa unomphela.

I-Bitcoin yenza lesi sicupho sibe sibi kakhulu kunempahla eminingi, ngesizathu abantu abavamile ukucabanga ngaso. Ihweba njalo ngehora lansuku zonke futhi izinzile ngokushesha, ngakho-ke lapho umndeni udinga ukheshi ngokushesha kuvame ukuba yinto elula ukuyithola. Kwayona le mali enconywa abantu yikhona okwenza kube yimpahla yokuqala edayiswa ngokumpintshana. Ngesikhathi sokukhathazeka kwemakethe okubanzi okufanayo kudlala indima enkulu: ekuqaleni kuka-2026 imakethe yabona izehlakalo zokuqedwa kosuku olulodwa zamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.56 ngomhlaka 30 Januwari kanye nezigidigidi ezi-2.13 ngomhlaka 4 kuFebhuwari, izigameko zokuthengisa ngenkani okwajulisa ukuwa kwawo wonke umuntu, okubandakanya abanikazi ababengenzanga lutho olubi ngaphandle kosayizi wezikhundla zabo ekugwetshweni kwabo.

Ngakho umbuzo othembekile awukona ukuthi i-Bitcoin ingawa kangakanani. Yilokhu. Ungakwazi yini ukuyibamba kuze kufike kulokho kuwa ngaphandle kokudinga ukuyithengisa?

Konke okunye esibalweni sengozi kungokwesibili kuleyo mpendulo. Ungakwazi ukumodela ukuguquguquka ezindaweni ezintathu zamadesimali futhi akukutsheli lutho oluwusizo uma imali eyisisekelo bekungeyona eyakho ukuthi ungayikhiya iminyaka eyishumi. Lena ingxenye evamile yokweqa imibiko yengcuphe, ngoba isipredishithi asikwazi ukubona ukuthi imali eyinhloko iyimali eningi ngempela yini noma ibekelwe inkokhelo yesikole buthule ngoMashi. Ngibuza ngakho ngqo ngaphambi kokuba ngibuze nganoma yini enye, ngoba impendulo eqotho kulowo mbuzo owodwa inquma okungaphezu kobukhulu besikhundla. Ukubamba usayizi olungile oxhaswe ngemali engalungile kuseyintengiso ephoqelelwe elinde i-trigger.

I-Bitcoin yehle kangakanani

Noma ubani olinganisa isikhundla ngokwethembeka ufanelwe izinombolo zangempela zokwehlisa, hhayi inguqulo ethambile noma eyindilinga. Umlando weBitcoin uwukulandelana kokwehla okunonya okuphazamisa umqansa omude. Ukuwa kwenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuwela phansi ngo-2015 bekucishe kube ngama-76%. Imakethe yamabhere ka-2018 yehlise cishe ngama-57%. Kuyo yonke impilo yayo iye yabhekana nezinkinga eziningi ngaphezu kwama-50%, amaningana adlula ama-80%, futhi ngayinye yazizwa ngesikhathi yenzeka ekupheleni.

Lezi akuzona izingozi zomsila okufanele zizuliswe. Ziyisimo sezulu esivamile sale mpahla. Umnikazi ohlelela ukuwa okuphezulu okungama-30% akakaqondi ukuthi unani. Ngibeka ukulindela okuqotho ekuhlukaniseni isikhundla, futhi ngisho ngaphambi kokuba noma ubani athenge i-satoshi eyodwa. Uma iklayenti lingakwazi ukubona isithombe sokunqunywa kwalo phakathi ngaphandle kokufinyelela inkinobho yokuthengisa, isikhundla sesivele sikhulu kakhulu, futhi akukho silinganiso sokukholelwa esizokulungisa lokho ngosuku okwenzeka ngalo.

Ukuntengantenga akusona isiphazamisi esilinde ukulungiswa. Inani lokwamukelwa empahleni enenani elifanayo ngesikhathi sangempela ngenkathi umhlaba uphikisana ngokuthi iyini, iphuzu engidlula kulo kahle okushiwo ukuguquguquka kweBitcoin empeleni. Awuyitholi imbuyiselo yesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuvuma ukuhlala phansi. Laba bobabili beza ngababili.

Kukhona indlela ewusizo yokuhlela kabusha lezo zinombolo kunokuzesaba. Konke kwalokhu kudonswa phansi nakho, ngokubheka emuva, kwakuyiphuzu lapho abanikazi besiguli behlukana nalaba abangenasineke. Ama-76% awela ngo-2015 anikeze izinhlamvu zemali zabathukile ekuthuleni. Kwenzeka okufanayo ngo-2018, futhi nasebusika obulandela u-2021. Akekho owajabulela ngenkathi kwenzeka. Kodwa irekhodi libonisa ukuthi ukudonswa phansi akuzange kube ingozi ngokwayo. Ingozi yayiwukuthi ubani owayeyibamba ngesikhathi ishaya, nokuthi isikhundla sabo sasincane ngokwanele yini ukuthi babengakwazi nhlobo ukwenza lutho. Ukungenzi lutho kuyisenzo esinzima futhi esinenzuzo kakhulu kule mpahla, futhi itholakala kuphela kusayizi ofanele.

Kungani isikhathi sokubamba sishintsha iphrofayili yobungozi

I-Bitcoin ebanjwe izinyanga eziyishumi nambili iwukubheja okuyingozi ngempela ngentengo. I-Bitcoin ebanjwe ngomjikelezo ogcwele iyisiphakamiso esihluke ngokwehlukana, futhi idatha kulokhu ihlanzeke ngokungavamile.

Yonke iminyaka emine yokubamba iwindi emlandweni we-Bitcoin iphelile ngaphezu kwalokho eyayiqala, kuhlanganise namafasitela aqala ngeziqongo zomjikelezo. Lelo rekhodi liqiniswe kokuthile okuhlelekile kunenhlanhla: uhhafu wokukhishwa kokuhlinzekwa kwenethiwekhi cishe njalo ngemva kweminyaka emine, okuye kwalolonga ngokomlando isigqi semijikelezo yayo ye-boom kanye ne-bust. Umtshali-zimali onomkhathi wakhe omfishane kunalowo mjikelezo owodwa ubhekene nengozi yesikhathi futhi ukuqedwa kwempahla kwehla ngokugcwele. Umtshali-zimali ozibophezela esikhathini esigcwele, kuze kube manje, uhlale ephuma ngakolunye uhlangothi. Angisoze ngethembisa ukuthi lelo rekhodi lizoqhubeka, kodwa nami ngeke ngizenzise.

Yingakho ngisebenza ngombono omncane weminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi futhi ngenqaba ukwakha isikhundla kunoma yini emfushane. Isikhathi sokubamba asikona okuncamelayo. Kuwukuguquguquka okukodwa okuhambisa i-Bitcoin kusukela ekuqageleni iye endaweni yokugcina, futhi isizathu sokubekezela kunomlando omuhle kakhulu wanoma yiliphi isu engilaziyo.

Yeka ukuthi isabelo esincane senzani kuphothifoliyo yonke

Nansi ingxenye emangaza abantu. Isikhundla se-Bitcoin esilinganiswe ngendlela efanele asiyihambisi neze ingozi yephothifoliyo ezungezile, nakuba i-Bitcoin ngokwayo iguquguquka kakhulu.

I-Fidelity -edijithali Assets isebenzise i-arithmetic kuphothifoliyo evamile engu-60/40 yezitoko namabhondi. Ishiywe ingenayo i-Bitcoin nhlobo, ukudonswa kwayo okubi kakhulu kwesilinganiso sokuhamba phakathi nesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwaba ngu-19%. Engeza u-5% wesabelo se-Bitcoin kanye nembuyiselo ephelele icishe iphindwe kabili, kuyilapho ukudonswa okubi kakhulu kwephothifoliyo yonke kukhuphuke kuphela ku-22%. Amaphesenti amathathu amaphuzu obuhlungu obengeziwe ukuze asondele ukuphinda kabili ukubuyisela. Isizathu sokuthi umonakalo uhlale uqukethwe ukuthi i-Bitcoin ihamba ngokuyinhloko ngaphandle kwamasheya namabhondi, ngakho-ke izinsuku zayo ezimbi azihambelani ngokuthembekile nezazo, futhi ukulinganisa kabusha okuqondiswayo kugcina isisindo singabalekeli.

Funda lowo mphumela ngokucophelela, ngoba uguqula ukuphikisa okuvamile. Ukuphikiswa ukuthi i-Bitcoin iguquguquka kakhulu ukubamba ngokuzibophezela. I-arithmetic isho okuphambene ngesisindo esincane: ucezu olunesizotha lwempahla eguquguqukayo enodlame, ngoba nje ayihambisani nokunye, empeleni kuthuthukisa ukubuya kwephothifoliyo ngengozi encane kakhulu eyengeziwe. Ukuguquguquka okukalwa ngokwako kuwumhlahlandlela ongemuhle wengozi yephothifoliyo. Okubalulekile ukuthi impahla iziphatha kanjani eduze kwakho konke okunye okungokwakho, futhi kuleso silinganiso i-Bitcoin yenze umsebenzi i-asethi eguquguqukayo ephansi engenakho, ngoba impahla eguquguqukayo ephansi ihamba eduze kakhulu nomhlambi ukuze ihlukanise noma yini.

I-Ukuguquguquka kwentengo isici, hhayi iphutha, uma isisindo sisincane.

Ucwaningo lwabo lukhomba indawo emnandi ye-1 kuya ku-3% kumaphothifoliyo amaningi, ngo-5% njengophahla olunengqondo. Isibalo esiqondile sinesisindo esingaphansi kwesimiso esingaphansi kwaso. Isikhundla esincane ngokwanele ukuthi ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kungahlaba kodwa kungaphazamisi uhlelo lwakho kuyisikhundla ongakwazi ukusibamba kunoma yini, futhi ukusingatha noma yini kuwumdlalo wonke. Ukuthi leso sabelo sihlala kanjani eduze nezinye izimpahla zakho kuwumbuzo ohlukile engisebenza kuwo Indawo yeBitcoin kuphothifoliyo ehlukahlukene.

Ukuguqula isimiso sibe inombolo ongayibamba

Ukulinganisa kulapho ukubala okuqotho kuba okomuntu siqu, ngoba iphesenti elifanele lomuntu oneminyaka engu-35 ubudala oneholo elizinzile e-George alilona iphesenti elilungile kumuntu osethathe umhlalaphansi eKapa oholayo. Ngithatha abantu ngale ndlela ngendlela uhlaka lokulinganisa isikhundla se-Bitcoin, kodwa ukuhlolwa okuphakathi nendawo kulula. Cabanga ngesimo sehle ngo-70% kusasa ekuseni. Uma leyo nombolo ingashintsha indlela olala ngayo noma ongayikhokha, inkulu kakhulu. Nciphise kuze kube impendulo ithi cha.

Izinto ezimbili bese zenza umsebenzi othule wokugcina isikhundla esilingana nesokudla sibambekayo. Eyokuqala iwukwakha kancane kancane kunesigaxa esisodwa, ukuthenga irandi elingaguquki njalo ngezikhathi ezithile kusukela emalini encane efika ku-R1 000 ngenyanga, okusabalalisa ukungena emananini aphezulu naphansi futhi kususe umthwalo wokuqagela ukuthi uzothenga nini. Kubantu abaningi ukuthi ukuqagela kuyingxenye enzima kakhulu, futhi ukukususa kubaluleke ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isikhathi esihlakaniphile.

Okwesibili ukuthi i-Bitcoin ibanjwe kanjani. Uhlamvu lwemali oluhlezi ekushintshanisweni luthwala ingozi yomunye engahlangene nenani kanye nayo yonke into ehlobene nokuthi umgcini uhlala e-solvent futhi ethembekile. I-Bitcoin ithuthelwe ekuzigcineni kwayo okufanele isuka ku-R10,000, noma yafakwa ku-Vault enamasignesha amaningi ukuze ibe nempahla emikhulu, isusa lokho kuchayeka ngokuphelele. Ukuvikeleka akusona isihloko esihlukile engozini. Kuyingxenye yokubala okufanayo, ngoba isikhundla ongeke wakulahlekela ngokuhluleka komunye umuntu yisikhundla okungenzeka ukuthi usibambe lapho udonsa phansi. Imali, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ithwala ingozi eyodwa okungekho muntu oyibeka embikweni wengozi: ilahlekelwa amandla okuthenga buthule unyaka nonyaka irandi liba buthaka, yingakho ukuqhathanisa okuqotho kwakungakaze kube yi-Bitcoin ngokumelene nokuphepha. Kwakuhlale iziphi izingozi okhetha ukuzithwala.

Ukubala, kwenziwa ngokwethembeka

Hlanganisa izingcezu futhi ukubala okuthembekile akubukeki ngendlela abantu abaningi abagijima ngayo. Alizami ukuqagela ukuthi intengo iya kuphi ngonyaka ozayo, ngoba akekho ongakwazi, futhi ukwakha isikhundla kulokho kuqagela ukuthi abantu bagcina bengababathengisi abaphoqelelwe. Isebenza emuva kusukela ekulahlekelweni ungakwazi ukuphila ngokweqiniso ngaphandle kokushintsha impilo yakho, ibeka isikhundla lapho, ixhase ngemali kuphela ngemali oyibeke ngamabomu iminyaka, ikugcine esitokisini ongeke uthathwe kuwe, bese wenza into enzima kunazo zonke, okuyinto engelutho, isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Yilokho isiyalo sonke. Konke okunye kuwumsindo.

Abantu ababili engikhulume ngabo ekuqaleni bathenga i-Bitcoin efanayo. Lowo ohamba ngokunethezeka akazange abikezele imakethe kangcono. Wamane wafaka imali ayengayikhohlwa, emalini ayengayidingi, futhi wavumela irekhodi leminyaka emine ukuba lenze umsebenzi walo kuyilapho enye indoda imatasatasa ilahlekelwa yimali emakethe kamuva. Umehluko phakathi kwabo awukaze ube nokuqondisisa. Kwakuyi-arithmetic enqunywe kusengaphambili, ngaphambi kokuba omunye wabo ezwe usuku olulodwa lokwesaba.