Ukutholwa Kwekusasa Le-Bitcoin kanye Necala Lokulondolozwa Kwecebo

Iphrothokholi kaSatoshi ayizange inyakaze kusukela ngoJanuwari 2009. Ngaso sonke isikhathi, cishe yonke into ine: imakethe eyathinta cishe u-$2.5 trillion ngo-2025, ibona ama-ETF emunca uhlamvu lwemali oluningi kunolukhiqizwa abavukuzi futhi ohulumeni babhala i-Bitcoin kunqubomgomo esemthethweni yokubeka imali. I wrote a book about that combination. Lena inguqulo emfushane, kubantu baseNingizimu Afrika abanquma ukuthi kusho ukuthini kubo.

Kungani ukwenqaba kweBitcoin ukuguquka kuyiphuzu lonke

I-Saifedean Ammous yakha i-Bitcoin Standard endaweni eyindida namanje eyenza umsebenzi onzima kuzo zonke izingxoxo ze-Bitcoin ezibucayi. Impahla ishintshile cishe cishe yonke into emlandweni wezezimali. Intengo, i-liquidity, ukufinyelela, konke kuguqulwe ngaphezu kokuqashelwa. Iphrothokholi engezansi ayishintshile lutho.

Ikepisi kuseyi-21 million zemali. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesigamu kusafika njalo eminyakeni emine njengoba kufakwe ikhodi. Ubufakazi bomsebenzi zisalungisa i-Ileja.

Yonke imizamo yokugoba leyo mithetho yehlulekile. Impi kasayizi we-Ibhulokhi ka-2017 kwakuyinto eseduze kakhulu ne-Bitcoin eye yaba nenhlekelele yomthethosisekelo, nabavukuzi abakhulu kanye nezimboni ezisindayo ezicindezela ushintsho abasebenzisi abaningi ababengalufuni. The users won. Kusukela lapho imakethe iphathe inkani yephrothokholi njengesici okufanele sifakwe inani kunokuba kube nephutha okufanele lilungiswe. Ngikubeka ngale ndlela ku-The Strategic Reserve: I-Bitcoin iyisistimu yemali enemithetho kodwa abekho ababusi.

Bheka ngakolunye uhlangothi lwebhukwana. Imali yase-US ikhule ngaphezu kuka-40% phakathi kuka-2020 no-2023. IBhange LaseNgilandi kanye ne-ECB baqhube izinguqulo zabo zohlelo olufanayo. Umlando omude we-fiat awucacile mayelana nokuthi lokho kuholela kuphi: noma yimuphi umthetho wezimali ongashintshwa ekugcineni ushintshiwe, cishe njalo ukuze kuzuze okhiphayo ngezindleko zomnikazi.

I-Bitcoin isuse inketho. Lokho kususwa kuwumkhiqizo.

Kungakanani ukutholwa kwe-Bitcoin?

Impendulo eqotho ihlala kude kunalokho abagxeki abakucabangayo futhi ngaphambi kwalokho okufunwa ngabashisekeli be-maximalists.

Ihinge bekunguJanuwari 2024, lapho i-US igunyaza indawo ye-Bitcoin ETFs. Ithimba labacwaningi bakwaFidelity libale cishe izinhlamvu zemali eziyizigidi ezingu-1.3 ngaphakathi kwalezo zimoto ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 2026, cishe u-6.4% wayo yonke into esakazwayo. Isikhwama esikhulu kunazo zonke siqoqe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-75 phakathi neminyaka emibili. Umkhiqizo wegolide ofanayo wawudinga iminyaka ecishe ibe yisikhombisa ukuze ufinyelele ingqopha-mlando efanayo. Ukugeleza kwezimali akukaze kwenzeke ngaleli zinga phambilini.

Izinkampani zazithuthe kuqala. I-MicroStrategy yaqala ukuguqula yonke inqolobane yayo yezimali ibe yi-Bitcoin ngo-2020, isabelo esaqala ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-500 zamaRandi futhi sakhula kwaze kwaba yilapho inkampani ilawula ngaphezu kwe-1% yezigidi ezingu-21. U-Tesla ulandele nge-$ 1.5 billion. Ibhulokhi uthenge ngezigaba. Izinyathelo zazibukeka ziwubudedengu ngaleso sikhathi futhi kusenesikhathi, okuyindlela amajika okutholwa aphatha ngayo amavulandlela abo.

Izinkampani ezisohlwini ezingamashumi amane nesishiyagalolunye manje seziphethe izinhlamvu zemali ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 ngayinye futhi zihlangene zilawula ngaphezu kwesigidi. Engeza izimali ezinkampanini futhi cishe u-12% wabo bonke abajikelezayo be-Bitcoin bahlala nezikhungo ezazingekho kule makethe eminyakeni emine edlule. Iningi lalokho kuqongelela kwenzeka ngemuva kuka-2023, okufanele uhlale nakho isikhashana. Isakhiwo sobunikazi beBitcoin sishintshe kakhulu eminyakeni emibili kunaseminyakeni eyishumi edlule.

Ukunikezwa akukwazi ukuphendula. Izinhlamvu zemali ezintsha ezilinganiselwa ku-166,000 zizombiwa ngo-2026 futhi indlu yocwaningo i-Bitwise ilindele ukuthi ama-ETF ewodwa amunce ngaphezu kwawo wonke.

Bese ucabangela okungakenzeki. Iningi labaphathi bengcebo emhlabeni abasaphethe lutho. Amagunya empesheni asaqala ukubhalwa. Izabelo ezizimele ngaphandle kwezifunda zokushaqa azikaqali. Ngilandele umakhenikha walokhu kushintsha ukwamukelwa kwesikhungo seBitcoin futhi isiphetho siye saqiniswa kuphela kusukela: lapho imali yesiguli ihlangabezana nokuhlinzekwa okungaguquki, ukubiza kabusha kuyeka ukuba yindaba yokuthi uma.

Kusho ukuthini ukulondolozwa kwamasu

Amabhange amakhulu agcina igolide ngesizathu esisodwa esisinda kuyo yonke imfashini kuthiyori yephothifoliyo. Kuyisibopho somuntu. Akekho uhulumeni ongakwazi ukuyiphrinta ibe khona futhi akekho ozakwabo ongaphutha kukho. Uma uhlobo lwemali ngokwalo luyinto engabazekayo, indawo yokulondoloza kufanele iphile ngaphandle kwesistimu ekhiphe imali. Yingakho izinqolobane zegolide zasinda ekupheleni kwezinga legolide ngo-1971. Umqondo awuzange uncike esilinganisweni, kuphela ekusweleni.

I-Bitcoin yenza umsebenzi ofanayo kunoma imuphi usayizi, okuyingxabano engichithe ngenza incwadi. Igolide linikeza ukuvikeleka kwamasu noma nini lapho izikhungo zintengantenga kodwa lifuna amavault, abahlaseli nabakhaphi abahlomile. I-Bitcoin igcina ukuphepha ngenkathi yehlisa ukungqubuzana. Ihlala emaminithini kunezinsuku futhi ihlukanisa phansi ibe yizindawo zedesimali eziyisishiyagalombili.

Indawo egciniwe ichazwa ngenhloso kunosayizi. It is the portion of wealth you are not asking to perform next quarter. Ngikubeka ngokungagwegwesi encwadini: imali yamasu ayihloselwe ukwenza, ihloselwe ukuphikelela. Isu lokulondoloza likalwa emashumini eminyaka.

Uhlaka luyashintsha nomuntu olubambile. Kumfundi owonga ngaphezu kwamashumi eminyaka ingozi yokuphathwa ukwehla kwamandla emali. Kumuntu osethathe umhlalaphansi kuwukuchayeka eceleni. Okwethenjwayo komndeni kuwukuqhubeka ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Uhlamvu lwemali olufanayo luphendula zontathu, yingakho ngilokhu ngitshela amaklayenti ukuthi i-Bitcoin ayikona ukuqagela, imayelana nokufaka izinto.

Umthuthukisi oneminyaka engu-22 eLagos angabamba impahla efanayo ncamashi nemibandela efana ncamashi nesikhwama somcebo ozimele eGulf. Ayikho impahla ebekiwe emlandweni enikeze lokho.

Ohulumeni abayeka ukulinda

Kwaphela iminyaka icala lobukhosi lihlala emaphepheni amhlophe. Then it stopped being theoretical in a hurry.

I-United States ibuyele esikhundleni sayo. Ngokudliwa kobugebengu nokwemiphakathi, amacala eSilk Road kanye nesikhulu sokutholwa kwe-Bitfinex sokugebenga phakathi kwawo, izinhlangano zikahulumeni zase ziqongelele cishe izinhlamvu zemali eziyi-198,000 ngaphandle kwecebo ngale kwendali elandelayo. NgoMashi 2025 umyalelo wesigungu waphendula ingozi yaba umgomo. Yasungula i-Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, yayenza imali ngohlamvu lwemali elahlekile futhi yasho ngokusobala ukuthi i-United States ngeke idayise i-Bitcoin efakwe endaweni yokulondoloza. Yaqhubekela phambili futhi yaqondisa uMgcinimafa kanye Nezohwebo ukuthi bathole izindlela ezingahambisani nesabelomali zokuthola okwengeziwe. I-Texas yaphasisa owayo umthetho we-state reserve ngalowo nyaka. Umkweleti omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni wanquma, ngokusemthethweni nangokubhala, ukuthi le mpahla kufanele igcinwe kunokuba idayiswe.

I-El Salvador yayithuthe kuqala, yamukela i-Bitcoin njengethenda esemthethweni ngo-September 2021 futhi yathenga kancane kancane kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, isikhundla manje esingaba yizinhlamvu zemali ezingu-6,000. I-IMF yaphikisa kakhulu futhi iphindelela. I-San Salvador yayilokhu ithenga. IBhutan ikhethe umzila othule kunawo wonke. Isabelomali saso sezingalo sezimayini ze-Bitcoin ngamandla kagesi engeziwe ayengase achitheke ngenye indlela, akha imali elinganiselwa ku-11,700 yezinhlamvu zemali yombuso wabantu abangaphansi kwesigidi. Ngisho nohulumeni abangenawo inqubomgomo nhlobo baphethe impahla. I-United Kingdom ihlezi phezu kwezinhlamvu zemali ezibanjiwe ezibalelwa ku-61,000 ngenkathi iphikisana ngokuthi yenzeni ngazo. Izimoto ze-Sovereign rich e-UAE nase-Norway zithwala ukuchayeka okungaqondile ngokutshalwa kwazo. Iphethini iphinda esikalini ngasinye: ukunqwabelana okuthulile kuqala, imfundiso kamuva.

Ngo-2022 i-Ukraine yaxhasa ngezimali ingxenye yokuvikela izwe ngokuthumela ikheli le-Bitcoin emhlabeni. Kwafika amashumi ezigidi zamaRandi phakathi nezinsuku. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi esinye isiqephu esifakazele, saxazulula ingxabano mayelana nokuthi impahla isebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Ithiyori yegeyimu ayikhululekile kubasusi sekwephuzile. Ukunikezwa kulinganiselwe, ngakho-ke ukutholwa kusenesikhathi ishibhile ngokwezibalo kunokubambezela. Izifundazwe zakuqala nazo zithola ukubhala izindinganiso zokugcinwa kanye nokubalwa kwezimali wonke umuntu ozozuza njengefa. Iphepha elilodwa lenqubomgomo yaseMelika manje libonisa ukwazisa kwe-Bitcoin njengendlela yokukhokha isikweletu sikahulumeni ngaphandle kokukhuphula izintela, isiphakamiso ebesiyoqeda imisebenzi eWashington eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Ngigcina ikhadi lamaphuzu eligijimayo umjaho wamasu we-Bitcoin reserve futhi idinga ukubuyekezwa kaningi kunalokho ebengikulindele ngenkathi ngiyibhala.

Lapho iNingizimu Afrika imi khona

Akekho umuntu ePitoli obhala umthethosivivinywa wokugodla. Lokhu iNingizimu Afrika enakho wukucaca kwemithetho, kuyivelakancane kunalokho ezwakalayo. I-Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) imemezele imikhiqizo yezezimali ye-crypto assets ngaphansi koMthetho Wezeluleko Zezezimali kanye Nomphakathi Wezinsizakalo (FAIS) ngo-Okthoba 2022, enikeza leli zwe umbuso wokunikeza amalayisense kuyilapho iningi lomhlaba lisaphikisana ngezincazelo. Umthethonqubo wafika ngaphambi kokwabiwa. Yilokho ukuhleleka okufanele. Kusho futhi ukuthi umuntu waseNingizimu Afrika angakha indawo yokulondoloza imvelo namuhla ngaphakathi kohlaka olunelayisensi, into engekho waseMelika engayisho ngaphambi kuka-2024.

Amaphepha ebhalansi ayimfihlo angolunye udaba. Izinkampani zaseNingizimu Afrika zihlezi emalini elinganiselwa ku-R2 trillion emalini egcinelwe imali, iningi layo lihola imali encane kunaleyo elahlekelwa yirandi. Ukulawulwa kokushintshisana kube sengeza ukusonta engikubona kunganakwa kaningi kakhulu: I-Bitcoin egcinwe endaweni nomhlinzeki wesevisi yempahla ye-crypto elawulwayo ayibaleli emikhawulweni yokutshala imali kwamanye amazwe, kuyilapho ukuthumela uhlamvu lwemali phesheya kolwandle ngaphandle kokugunyazwa kwangaphambili kwe-Reserve Bank kungabhekwa njengokuphuma ngaphandle okungagunyaziwe. Impahla esebenza njengemali yasolwandle, ngokwemibandela yokulawula, ingeyasendaweni. Ngabeka i-boardroom case egcwele I-Bitcoin njengempahla yebhizinisi ye-treasury futhi i-JSE manje inesandulela esibukhoma kuyo Inkampani yokuqala ye-Bitcoin esohlwini lwase-Afrika.

Icala ngalinye alidingi komiti. Ngavula i-The Strategic Reserve nge-oda legrosa ePlettenberg Bay. Ngemva kwesikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngihambile ngaphinda ngavula uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Checkers Sixty60 futhi ngaphinda nga-oda ubhasikidi ofanayo. Yayibize cishe u-R1,000. Manje isibiza u-R1,400. Asikho isihloko esimenyezelwe lokho. Ayikho inkulumo yesabelomali eshiwo ngakho. Irandi limane lenze okwenziwa yimali engafakiwe igilosa futhi igilosa yami igcine amaphuzu.

Ukulinda isignali esemthethweni nakho kuyisu. Yilona nje elibizayo.

Ukwakha indawo yokulondoloza ngaphambi kwekomiti

Izimiso ziyehla ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa lutho. Indawo egcina ikhaya ithobela i-physics efanayo neyezwe lonke, enamakomiti ambalwa nje. Umthetho wami wokusebenza awushintshile eminyakeni: unquma ukuthi yimalini, ngiyaqinisekisa ukuthi awulahlekelwa.

Empeleni lokho kusho uhlelo lokonga lwenyanga olusuka ku-R1,000 kubantu abakha kancane. Kusho ukuthuthela ekuzibambeleni uma isikhundla sesidlulile cishe u-R10,000, ngoba esikhathini esedlule ubungozi bokushintshisana buqala ukudlula ubulula. Kuma-serious holdings kusho ukuthi I-Vault, ebhanqa i-Trezor kanye ne-Ileja enokhiye wokutakula we-Coldcard ukuze kungabikho idivayisi eyodwa noma umkhiqizi ongakwehlula. Ngenza okuhlanu kwalokhu kusetha ngenyanga hhayi ngaphezulu, njengoba ukugcinwa ngokushesha kuyindlela abantu abalahlekelwa ngayo izinhlamvu zemali. Abathengi abakhulu bashintshana ngekhawunta kunoma imuphi usayizi, ngemibhalo ephathwa kahle ngaphansi kokuthi CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).

Umehluko owodwa ubalwa ngaphezu kwalokho abathengi abaningi abakuqaphelayo. Isikhwama esihwebelana ngokuhwebelana (ETF) sikunikeza ukuchayeka kwentengo kuyilapho omunye egcina uhlamvu lwemali. Ubunikazi obuqondile bukunikeza into uqobo lwayo, enezakhiwo ezingezona ezizimele ezivumele ukuthengwa kwasekuqaleni. Imali egciniwe eyakhelwe phezu kwesithembiso somphathi wesikhwama izuza njengefa ingcuphe yomphathi wesikhwama, okuyiyona kanye ingozi ekhona ukuze isuswe.

Noma ngabe imuphi usayizi, isiyalo siyefana nesebhange elikhulu. Thenga ngaphandle kwedrama. Bamba ngaphandle kwezinqamuleli. Bhala yonke into ukuze isikhundla siphumelele ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku noma indawo.

Eminyakeni eyishumi nesikhombisa, umthetho olandelwayo uzigcinile zonke izithembiso eyazenza. Ohulumeni sebeqalile ukuyikhokhela imali yokuqongelela. Umbuzo owusizo osele awukona ukuthi ijika lokutholwa liyaqhubeka yini kodwa umnikazi wesiqephu sezigidi ezingu-21 ngaphambi kokuba intengo ibonise ngokugcwele lelo rekhodi.