I-Bitcoin njenge-bearer asset eNingizimu Afrika: Ukuba nayo esandleni kusho ukuthini emthethweni
Olawula ukhiye oyimfihlo ulawula i-Bitcoin. Lowo ngumgomo we-bearer futhi ngichaza uhlangothi lobunikazi bawo ku-ingosi ehambisanayo ngokuba nayo ngokuqondile. Lesi sihloko simayelana nohlangothi lwaseNingizimu Afrika: kwenzekani lapho i-asethi eziphatha njengokheshi esikhwameni sakho ihlangana nomthetho waseNingizimu Afrika, kusukela ekulawulweni kwemali yangaphandle kuya emafeni abashonile. Impendulo emfushane wukuthi umthetho usanquma. Ukunquma kwaba nzima ngo-2026.
Iphuzu elisemqoka
Umthetho wentela waseNingizimu Afrika usuyiphatha kakade i-Bitcoin njenge-asethi. Umthetho wokulawula imali yangaphandle awukwazi ukunquma ukuthi iyini: enye iNkantolo eNkulu yanquma ngo-2025 ukuthi i-Bitcoin akuyona imali futhi akuyona imali eyisisekelo, kwathi enye yanquma okuphambene ngonyaka owalandela. UMgcinimafa manje usebhale imithethonqubo engaxazulula impikiswano ngomyalelo, iphelele nemisebenzi yokwazisa namandla okufuna izikhiye. Ubunjalo be-bearer be-Bitcoin abukukhululi kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu. Bushintsha lapho umthwalo uhlala khona: emarekhodini akho nasesakhiweni sakho kunokuba kube kumlamuli.
Ingabe i-Bitcoin iyimpahla ngokomthetho waseNingizimu Afrika?
Qala ngokuxazululiwe. I-SARS iphatha i-Bitcoin njenge-asethi. Yidayise bese intela yenzuzo yemali enkulu iyasebenza. Shona uyibambile bese ingena efeni lakho elithelisekayo. Akukho kulokho okuphikisanayo futhi akukho kukho okudinga ukuthi umtheli aqonde ukhiye oyimfihlo.
Okushodayo yikho konke ilebula ye-asethi evame ukufika nakho. Amasheya akho ahlala ku-Strate ngaphansi kwegama lakho. Indlu yakho ihlala ehhovisi lamatayitela. Ngisho nebhaki lakho linombhalo kuhlu lukahulumeni. I-Bitcoin ayinalo uhlu noma kuphi olwazi ukuthi ungubani. I-Uchungechunge lwamabhulokhi ibhala izikhiye namabhalansi kunokuba ibhale obani. Ukuba nokhiye esandleni kuyilo lonke iqiniso lobunikazi, okuyincazelo yencwadi yempahla ye-bearer.
Ukheshi uwukuqhathanisa okusobala futhi kufinyelela ibanga elithile kuphela. Inqwaba yamaphepha emali angu-R1,000 esikhwameni sakho nayo iyimpahla ye-bearer. Kodwa amaphepha emali akhishwa yibhange elikhulu futhi ipotimende lawo lima emngceleni. I-Bitcoin iyimpahla ye-bearer engenamkhiphi futhi engenapotimende.
Umthetho uke wahlangana nempahla ye-bearer ngaphambili. Uchithe ingxenye enkulu yekhulu leminyaka elidlule uyisusa.
Amasheya e-bearer akhishwa emthethweni wezinkampani lapha nacishe kuyo yonke enye indawo, kanye ngoba abalawuli babengakwazi ukuwalandela. Amabhondi e-bearer ahamba ngendlela efanayo. Ngesikhathi i-Bitcoin ivela ngo-2009 lesi sigaba sase sicishe saphela. I-Bitcoin yasibuyisa ngesilinganiso somhlaba wonke, nokuhlukaniseka okungcono futhi kungadingeki i-vault. Izinkantolo zangaphandle seziqalile ukulungisa: izahlulelo zase-UK, izinkantolo zaseNingizimu Afrika ezaziphatha njengezikholisayo emibuzweni yomthetho ojwayelekile, sezamukele ama-cryptoasset njengempahla engalandelwa futhi imangalelwe. Umthetho wethu ubheke ngakhona. Ukuphathwa kwentela sekukucabangela kakade.
Kungani iziNkantolo eziNkulu ezimbili zanikeza izimpendulo eziphambene nge-Bitcoin
Ukushayisana phakathi kwencwadi yemithetho ka-1961 ne-bearer asset kwafika enkantolo kunemali enkulu. Inkampani yaseNingizimu Afrika yayihambise i-Bitcoin engaphezu kuka-4,400, eyayibiza cishe u-R556 million ngaleso sikhathi, iya ku-exchange yaphesheya. IBhange Elikhulu lafinyelela kwi-Exchange Control Regulations ka-1961 lalandela imali. Umbuzo ongaphansi kwempi wawulula: ingabe i-Bitcoin iyimali noma iyimali eyisisekelo njengoba leyo mithethonqubo ichaza la magama?
NgoMeyi 2025 iNkantolo eNkulu yasePitoli yaphendula ngokuthi cha kukho kokubili. Imali ye-crypto, kwanquma inkantolo, akuyona imali futhi akuyona imali eyisisekelo ngokwencazelo yemithethonqubo ka-1961. Lezo zincazelo zabhalelwa amathuluzi aphathekayo ahamba ngezindlela ezinabalamuli kanti i-asethi esabalalisiwe, engaphatheki iwela ngaphandle kwazo ngokuphelele. Isahlulelo samiswa kusalindwe ukwedluliswa kwecala, okukutshela ukuthi iBhange Elikhulu lakuthatha kanjani ukwehlulwa.
Kwathi, mhla lu-1 Juni 2026, iNkantolo eNkulu ehlukile yanquma icala u-Mangundhla v South African Reserve Bank yahamba ngenye indlela. I-Bitcoin, ngokwamaqiniso ayephambi kwaleyo nkantolo, yayiyimali futhi iyimali eyisisekelo. Isahlulelo sachaza isinqumo sangaphambili njengesingalungile ngokusobala. Izinkantolo ezimbili ezahlala zehlukaniswa ngunyaka zanikeza izimpendulo eziphambene embuzweni oyisisekelo kunayo yonke wokuhlelwa i-asethi engahlangana nawo. Ngichaza icala lokuqala ngokuningiliziwe ku-ukuhlaziya kwami kwecala lenkantolo le-Standard Bank.
Ukudideka akukhona ukungakwazi kwezinkantolo. Ukulawulwa kwemali yangaphandle kwakhelwa phezu kokucatshangwa okukodwa: konke ukugeleza okuwela imingcele kudlula kumthengisi ogunyaziwe, okusho ibhange, okusho isikhungo esingayalelwa. Uhlelo alukaze ludinge ukuchaza imali ngokunembile ngoba lwaludinga kuphela ukutshela amabhange ukuthi enzeni. I-bearer asset yephula leyo modeli empandeni. Akekho umthengisi ekugelezeni. Kukhona umuntu onamagama ayishumi nambili awagcine ekhanda futhi awukho umthetho owabhalwa ngo-1961 owamcabanga lowo muntu.
Akukho kulokhu okuyithiyori nje uma ubambe i-Bitcoin namuhla. Ukwedluliswa kwecala kusalindile futhi ukufunda okuqaphile kulula: thenga ngerandi lapha ekhaya ngezindlela ezinelayisensi futhi uphathe noma yikuphi ukuhanjiswa kwezinhlamvu okuwela imingcele njengombuzo kachwepheshe kuqala, hhayi umkhuba wantambama yeSonto.
Okungashintshwa yi-draft Capital Flow Management Regulations
Impendulo kaMgcinimafa esiphithiphithini sezinkantolo yafika ngezigaba. ISabelomali sika-2026, esethulwa mhla zingu-25 Februwari 2026, samemezela ukuthi ama-crypto asset azongeniswa ohlakeni lokuphathwa kokugeleza kwemali eyisisekelo, ushintsho engaluchaza ku-okushiwo yiSabelomali sika-2026 nge-Bitcoin nokulawulwa kwemali yangaphandle. Kwathi mhla zingu-17 Ephreli 2026 uMgcinimafa kaZwelonke washicilela i-draft Capital Flow Management Regulations, okuwukushintshwa okuphelele kwemithethonqubo ka-1961 kunokuba kube yisichibi kuyo.
Lo mbhalo oyi-draft ungumbhalo womthetho wokuqala waseNingizimu Afrika othatha ubunjalo be-bearer be-Bitcoin ngokungathi sína, okuyisona sizathu kanye ofanelwe ukufundwa ngokucophelela. Imali eyisisekelo ichazwa kabusha ukuze ifake ama-crypto asset ngokusobala. Ngaphezu komkhawulo, ukuthenga nokuthengisa i-crypto bekuzodinga kudlule kubahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zama-crypto asset abagunyaziwe. Noma ubani othola ukuba nayo noma ukulawula i-crypto ngaphezu kwalowo mkhawulo ubezodinga ukuyazisa kuMgcinimafa ngokubhala phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-30, esho ukuthi yatholakala nini, kanjani futhi kuphi. Ukukhipha i-crypto eRiphabhulikhi ngaphandle kwemvume bekuzokwenqatshelwa. Kanjalo nokukhokhela ongahlali lapha ngayo. Abahambi bebengacelwa emngceleni ukuthi bazise okubanjiwe futhi bakhiphe amadivayisi akuthwele. Izinhlawulo ezihlongozwayo zinamazinyo: inhlawulo efika ku-R1 million noma inani le-crypto ethintekayo, okukhulu kunakho, kanye nokuboshwa okufika eminyakeni emihlanu.
Izinhlinzeko ezimbili zifanelwe ukunakwa kwakho okukhethekile.
Okokuqala ngumkhawulo uqobo, i-draft engenawo. I-Regulation 31 ishiya isibalo kuNgqongqoshe wezeziMali ukuthi asibeke kamuva ngesaziso kwi-Gazette. Ku-R10 million uhlelo luhlose ukugeleza okukhulu. Ku-R100,000 lufinyelela abongayo abajwayelekile. Wonke umuntu owayephawula nge-draft wayephawula engaboni futhi isikhathi sokwenza lokho sancishiswa saba yizinsuku zebhizinisi ezingu-22, savala mhla zingu-18 Meyi 2026.
Okwesibili yi-regulation 25(5). Lapho ama-crypto asset ethathwa, umuntu obengumnikazi noma owayewalawula kufanele ngokufunwa okubhaliwe anikele nganoma yimaphi amaphasiwedi noma amakhodi uMgcinimafa awadingayo ukufinyelela nokulawula ama-asethi. Kwi-asethi ebhalisiwe leso yisinyathelo sokuphatha. Kwi-bearer asset kuwukuthathwa uqobo, okwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba noma iyiphi inkantolo ikhulume okokugcina. Amagama okubuyisela awalona iphasiwedi ongalisetha kabusha uma ingxabano isixazululiwe. Ukuwanikela wukunikela ngezinhlamvu.
I-draft yi-draft. Inguqulo yokugcina ingathamba futhi ukuphikisa kwemboni kwakuzwakala kakhulu, nokuphikisa okususelwa kumthethosisekelo kuphambili. Kodwa isiqondiso sohambo asinakuphikwa. Umbuso usuqondile ukuthi i-Bitcoin iyi-bearer asset futhi manje wenza umthetho ngokhiye kunokuba ngokugeleza.
Kwenzekani nge-bearer asset efeni lakho
Uma ushona, umphathi wefa lakho wethula izincwadi zokuphatha ifa ebhange lakho futhi ibhange kufanele lithobele. Izincwadi ezifanayo ezethulwa kwinethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin azizuzi lutho. Alikho ikhawunta ongazidlulisela kulo.
Incwadi yefa imisa inhloso. Ayimisi ukufinyelela. Inkantolo ingaqinisekisa indlalifa yakho kodwa ayikwazi ukuvula ukhiye wakho, okusho ukuthi uhlamvu olulodwa lungaba ngaphakathi ngokugcwele efeni lakho ngezinjongo zentela futhi ngasikhathi sinye lungafinyeleleki ngumuntu unomphela. I-SARS ayinandaba nengxenye yesibili: ukushona kuvusa intela yefa nokudayiswa okucatshangelwayo kwenzuzo yemali enkulu ngoba i-asethi yayikhona ngokomthetho futhi ingeyakho ngokomthetho. Ukuthi ngabe ukhona ongaphinde ayisebenzise kungumbuzo ohlukile uMthetho weNtela yeFa ongakaze udinge ukuwubuza nge-akhawunti yasebhange.
Isikhathi siyakwandisa lokhu. Ifa laseNingizimu Afrika lithatha cishe izinyanga ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-24 ukuphothulwa futhi abahlomuli abakwazi ukuthinta lutho ngesikhathi kwenzeka lokho. Ibhalansi yasebhange okungenani ihlala iphephile esikhungweni ngesikhathi salokho kulinda. I-Bitcoin engemuva kokhiye ongabhaliwe ayihlali ndawo ewusizo. Ayifinyeleleki kusukela ngomzuzu wokushona, unomphela.
Kulandela imithetho emibili. Ungalokothi ufake amagama okubuyisela encwadini yefa, ngoba incwadi yefa iba wumqulu womphakathi uma uMphathi eseyamukele. Futhi ungalokothi ushiye ukufinyelela kungabhaliwe, ngoba ukufinyelela okungabhaliwe kushona nawe. Indawo emaphakathi esebenzayo yisakhiwo: yisho ukuthi i-wallet ikhona emaphepheni efa lakho ngesikhathi ugcina imiyalelo yokufinyelela ihlukile futhi iphephile. Uhlelo lwe-multisig ye-2-ku-3 lukusa phambili, njengoba kungekho khiye owodwa olahlekile noma ukushona okukodwa okushiya izinhlamvu zingafinyeleleki futhi indlela yokubuyisela ibhalwa phansi ngesikhathi wonke umuntu esaphila. Ngihamba ngezibalo nezakhiwo ku-okwenzeka nge-Bitcoin yakho uma ushona eNingizimu Afrika.
Lapho i-FICA ingena khona ezikhiyeni
INingizimu Afrika yelula inethi yayo yokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali yaya ku-crypto ngoDisemba 2022, lapho abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zama-crypto asset baba yizikhungo eziphendulayo ngaphansi koMthetho we-FIC. Kusukela mhla zingu-30 Ephreli 2025 umthetho wokuhamba nawo uyasebenza, ngakho ulwazi olukhomba umthumeli nomamukeli kufanele luhambe nokudluliswa phakathi kwabahlinzeki. Ngaphakathi komngcele olawulwayo umkhondo wamaphepha manje ushube njengowamabhange ncamashi.
Bese ukhiphela ezikhiyeni zakho futhi umkhondo uyama.
Lokho kudluliselwa kufundwa kabi nhlangothi zombili. Akulona igebe lokuqashwa elingasetshenziswa kabi: i-SARS ithelisa ukudayiswa noma kuphi lapho kwenzeka khona futhi ukubika kwe-CARF kufika ngo-2027. Ukushona kuvusa ukudayiswa okucatshangelwayo noma ngabe umphathi wefa uyakwazi ukuthola izinhlamvu noma cha. Futhi akuyona inkinga yokuthobela umthetho okumele yesatshwe. Ukukhiphela ekuzigcineleni kusemthethweni futhi kujwayelekile. Okushintshayo emnyango wukuthi ubani ogcina irekhodi. Ku-platform enelayisensi umhlinzeki ubhala konke. Ezikhiyeni zakho, irekhodi elivikelekayo yinoma yini oyigcinayo: izinsuku zokuthola namanani ngerandi efayeleni umphathi wefa lakho nombhali wamabhuku wakho abangalithola bobabili.
Umkhondo ongemuva kwakho yiwo owenza i-bearer asset ephambi kwakho iphephe ukubanjwa.
Indlela engihlanganisa ngayo izikhiye namaphepha
Indlela yami ayishintshanga kukho konke lokhu kwenzeka okungenhla. Thenga ngendlela enelayisensi ukuze irekhodi lokuthola lihlanzeke kusukela kwirandi lokuqala. I-SimplB isebenza njengoMmeleli Ngokomthetho we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933), okusho ukuthi konke ukuthenga kuqinisekiswa nge-FICA futhi kubhalwe phansi ngaphambi kokuba i-sat eyodwa ihambe. Bese uyisa i-asethi ekugcinweni okubhalwe kahle. Ukuzigcinela okuqondiswayo kuqala ku-R10,000 kumaklayenti asekulungele ukubamba izikhiye zawo. Ezikhundleni ezinkulu i-Vault iyi-multisig ye-2-ku-3 enendlela yefa eklanywe kusukela osukwini lokuqala, hhayi enanyathiselwe ngemva kokwethuka.
Akukho kulokhu okuyiseluleko. Amacala ezinkantolo asaqhubeka futhi imithethonqubo ise-draft, ngakho umhlabathi uzophinde unyakaze. Nginelayisensi yokweluleka ngama-crypto asset futhi leyo ngxoxo yenzeka ubuso nobuso, uma sengisazi isimo sakho, hhayi neze esihlokweni.
Engingakusho ngokubanzi yilokhu. Uma imithethonqubo yokugcina ifika nomkhawulo ophansi, umehluko phakathi kwababambi abagcine amarekhodi nababambi abagcine izimfihlo uzonquma ukuthi ubani olala kahle. Izikhiye zifakazela ukuthi i-Bitcoin ingeyakho. Amarekhodi afakazela ukuthi wayithola ngokwethembeka. ENingizimu Afrika ngo-2026 ufuna kokubili futhi ufuna ifayela liqalwe ngaphambi kokuba umuntu alicele.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Yini eyenza i-Bitcoin ibe yi-bearer asset emthethweni waseNingizimu Afrika?
Ukulawula ukhiye oyimfihlo wukulawula uhlamvu. Alukho uhlu oluxhumanisa i-Bitcoin nomuntu ngendlela i-Strate ebhala ngayo amasheya noma ihhovisi lamatayitela elibhala ngayo impahla. Umthetho wentela uphatha i-Bitcoin njenge-asethi ejwayelekile, ngakho intela yenzuzo yemali enkulu nentela yefa zisebenza ngokugcwele. Ukuphoqelelwa kumane kuncike emarekhodini nasekwazisweni kunokuba kuhlwini.
Ingabe i-Bitcoin ingaphansi kokulawulwa kwemali yangaphandle eNingizimu Afrika?
Impendulo eneqiniso wukuthi kuyaphikiswana. NgoMeyi 2025 iNkantolo eNkulu yanquma ukuthi i-crypto akuyona imali futhi akuyona imali eyisisekelo ngaphansi kwe-Exchange Control Regulations ka-1961. NgoJuni 2026 iNkantolo eNkulu ehlukile yanquma okuphambene yabiza isinqumo sangaphambili ngesingalungile ngokusobala. I-draft Capital Flow Management Regulations ingaqeda inkulumompikiswano ngokubhala ama-crypto asset encazelweni yemali eyisisekelo. Ukuthenga i-Bitcoin ngerandi lapha ekhaya kuhlala kuwukuthengiselana kwasekhaya kukho konke lokhu.
Ingabe kufanele ngazise nge-Bitcoin engiyibambe ekuzigcineleni?
Imisebenzi yakho yamanje ihamba ikakhulukazi ngentela: ukudayiswa kufanele kwaziswe ku-SARS futhi ukubika kwe-CARF kulindeleke kusukela ngo-2027. I-draft Capital Flow Management Regulations ihlongoza ukwazisa okubhaliwe kuMgcinimafa phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-30 zokuthola i-crypto engaphezu komkhawulo uNgqongqoshe ongakawubeki. Leyo yi-draft, akuwona umthetho. Bheka inguqulo yokugcina ngaphambi kokucabanga noma yini nhlangothi zombili.
Ingabe umphathi wefa lami angafinyelela i-Bitcoin yami uma ngishona?
Kuphela uma wakha indlela yokufinyelela usaphila. Izincwadi zokuphatha ifa ziphoqa ibhange. Aziyiphoqi inethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin. Incwadi yefa ifakazela inhloso futhi inkantolo ingaqinisekisa indlalifa, kodwa akukho kukho okungavula ukhiye oyimfihlo. Ungalokothi ufake amagama okubuyisela encwadini yefa, njengoba izincwadi zefa ziba yimiqulu yomphakathi. Yisho isakhiwo emaphepheni efa lakho futhi ugcine ukufinyelela okubhaliwe kuhlukile.
Yiziphi izinhlawulo ngaphansi kwe-draft Capital Flow Management Regulations?
I-draft ihlongoza inhlawulo efika ku-R1 million noma inani lama-crypto asset athintekayo, okukhulu kunakho, kanye nokuboshwa okufika eminyakeni emihlanu. Iphinde inikeze amandla okubamba nokuthatha, kufaka phakathi amandla okufuna amaphasiwedi noma amakhodi alawula i-crypto ethathiwe. Lezi yiziphakamiso ngaphansi kwe-draft, ngakho izibalo zokugcina zingashintsha.
Ingabe ukuthenga ngomhlinzeki onelayisensi kwenza ukuzigcinela kuphephe kakhudlwana?
Kukwenza kuvikeleke kakhudlwana. Umhlinzeki onelayisensi wakha irekhodi eliqinisekiswe nge-FICA lokuthi ungubani nokuthi imali ivelaphi. Lapho izinhlamvu kamuva zihlala ezikhiyeni zakho, lowo mkhondo wokuthola ungubufakazi bokuthi zingezakho ngokusemthethweni futhi zaziswe kahle. I-bearer asset ayithwali mlando wayo, ngakho umlando ongawukhipha yiwo obalulekile.
Bamba izikhiye, gcina amarisidi
I-SimplB isiza abaseNingizimu Afrika ukuthenga, ukuvikela nokuhlela i-Bitcoin ngokuhambisana nomthetho, njengoMmeleli Ngokomthetho we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).
Bhukha ingcingo yokuqala