IRandi ilahlekelwe ngama-70% xa ithelekiswa neDola kwiminyaka engama-20: Ithetha ukuthini ngeBitcoin.
Ukutyibilika kwerandi kwidola asiyongxaki. Yimozulu. Idola enye ixabisa malunga ne-R6 phakathi koo-2000, i-R14 ekupheleni kuka-2019 kunye ne-R18.70 ekupheleni kuka-2024, kwaye nerali eyomeleleyo ka-2025 yayibuyisela umva kufutshane ne-R16.50. Oko kukuthi malunga ne-70% yamandla okuthenga ngaphandle aphelile kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini, ashicilelwe ngokuzolileyo ngelixa abagcini bebukele iingxelo zabo kwaye baziva bengenanto inyanga nenyanga. Ineziphumo ezithe ngqo kuye nabani na ofumana umvuzo, ogcina okanye otyala imali kwirandi, kwaye iyayitshintsha indlela endicinga ngayo malunga nokuba intsalela yomlondolozi kufuneka ihlale phi.
Ukuthathwa okungundoqo
Ugcino lweRandi lunokukhula ngokwemiqathango ethile kwaye lume ngxi ngokwenyani, kuba imali ilahlekelwa ngumhlaba xa ithelekiswa nedola kunye nempahla enzima unyaka nonyaka. Ukuhla kwexabiso lerandi kusebenza njengokuphindaphinda ngokuthe ngqo kuyo nantoni na engenakunyibilikiswa yirandi. I-Bitcoin, enonikezelo olufikelele kwizigidi ezingama-21 kwaye ithengwe apha ekhaya ngerandi ngaphandle kwemvume ye-SARB, luhlobo lokwenene olwahlukileyo lweheji yerandi, enesiqinisekiso esinyanisekileyo sokuba ithwele ukuguquguquka kwayo kwexesha elifutshane. Ifanele ukonga ixesha elide, ungaze ube nemali oyifunayo kungekudala.
Ndiwubukele lo mdlalo kunye nabagcini bogcino boMzantsi Afrika ukusukela ngo-2016, kwaye ipateni phantse ayizange izibhengeze. Akukho mntu uziva ekhuthuziwe nangayiphi na inyanga. Ubusela bucotha, bubume kwaye bunwenwe kumashumi amabini eminyaka, yiloo nto kanye eyenza kube lula ukungahoyi de uyeke wenze izibalo.
Iarithmetic yemali evuzayo
Thatha umgcini-mali owafaka i-R1 yesigidi kwi-akhawunti yokonga phakathi koo-2000, efumana into esondele kwizinga elimiselweyo elikhoyo. Xa sidityaniswa kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini, eso sigidi sikhula sibe zizigidi ngezigidi zeerandi. Ngokwamagama kubonakala ngathi uloyiso. Ingxelo ibonisa inani elikhulu ngokuphindwe kane okanye kahlanu kunelo baqala ngalo, kwaye abantu abaninzi bayayeka ukufunda apho.
Emva koko ixabiso lemali efanayo ngeedola, kwaye ibali liyatshintsha.
Irandi yathenga malunga nesithandathu sedola phakathi koo-2000. Namhlanje ithenga malunga neshumi elinesixhenxe. Ngoko ke ixabiso ledola lalo bhalansi likhulileyo liphezulu ngokuthozama kunelo laliqala ngayo, kwaye xa uthe wathabatha amashumi amabini eminyaka yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto zalapha ekhaya inzuzo yokwenyani yamandla okuthenga ngokwemiqathango yaseMzantsi Afrika iphantse yangabikho. Umlondolozi usebenzile, wagcinwa rhoqo, wafumana inzala kwaye wayigcina indawo yabo yokuqala. Abazange bakhe phezu kwayo. Ayisosiphumo esingaqhelekanga eso okanye ukubaleka kwamashwa. Sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo sokugcina ubutyebi kwimali ehla ngokukhawuleza kunokuba inzala inokubuyekeza, kwaye ndibeke ubuxhakaxhaka boku. kwenzeka ntoni kugcino lwakho.
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso oMzantsi Afrika kukwi-avareji ye-8.47% ngonyaka ukusukela ngo-1968. Kwaneshumi leminyaka lakutshanje eliziphethe kakuhle lenze umonakalo othe cwaka, amaxabiso abathengi onyuke nge-65% phakathi kuka-2010 no-2020 kumyinge we-5.2% kuphela ngonyaka. Akukho mntu umatsha ezitalatweni ngaphezu kwe-5.2%. Nabani na ogcine imali yexesha elide kule minyaka ilishumi uphulukene nesinye kwisithathu sezinto ezinokuthengwa zezo randi, kwaye akazange alifumane tyala.
Umxhasi odla umhlala-phantsi eGeorge wandibeka ngokucacileyo kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo. Idiphozithi yakhe esisigxina yayenze yonke into eyayithenjiswe yibhanki, inzala yafika kwangexesha ngekota nganye, ukanti kwa olo hambo lunye lokuloba lokuya eMozambiki olwamxabisa inani elithile leerandi kwiminyaka elishumi engaphambili ngoku lwalumxabisa phantse kabini. Le ngxelo ayizange imlahlekele. Irandi yayinayo. Wayengazange ayibeke ixabiso layo nayiphi na enye into ngaphandle kweerandi, ngoko ke ukhukuliseko aluzange lubonakale kwingxelo.
Lowo ngumgibe kwisivakalisi esinye.
Ijongeka njani iBitcoin ngokuchasene nemvelaphi efanayo
Ixabiso lerandi leBitcoin lithwala amandla amabini ngaxeshanye. Kukho ixabiso leBitcoin ngokwalo kwiimarike zehlabathi, kwaye kukho irandi ewayo xa ithelekiswa nedola ngaphantsi kwayo. Kumntu ophethe uMzantsi Afrika loo mikhosi mibini ayirhoxisi. Baqokelelana.
Oku kuqokelelwa kwerandi kungenxa yokuba imbuyekezo yerandi kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo ikhangeleka inkulu kunembuyekezo yedola esele inkulu. I-iDola inzuzo ilinganisa i-Bitcoin ngokuchasene nemali eyayibambe indawo yayo. Inzuzo yerandi iyilinganisa nemali engazange iyenze. Umsantsa phakathi kwezi zibini, phantse ncam, ukuhla kwerandi ngokwalo ngeli xesha, ifike njengebhonasi kumniniyo kunerhafu. Ubuthathaka okonakalisa i-akhawunti yokonga kwerandi kwabubuthathaka obufanayo obo bandisa ixabiso lerandi le-asethi enzima egcinwe ecaleni kwayo.
Ukuhla kobume berandi asiyongxolo yangasemva kumlondolozi apha. Kukuphinda-phinda kwimeko yokuba ngumnini wayo nantoni na enonikezelo lwehlabathi olusisigxina okanye olulinganiselweyo, nokuba oko kuthetha ukulingana kwe-offshore, imali yedola okanye iBitcoin ngokwayo. Ndathelekisa ezo ndlela zintathu enye kwenye I-Bitcoin ithelekiswa ne-offshore equity xa ithelekiswa nemali ye-USD.
Isilumkiso silapha phambi kokuba nabani na afunde oko njengesithembiso. Ixabiso ledola yeBitcoin lijike ngamandla endleleni, kwaye ummi waseMzantsi Afrika othenge kwindawo engeyiyo kumjikelo uchithe ixesha elide ngaphantsi kwamanzi ngokwerandi. Ukupakisha kusebenza iminyaka, hayi iinyanga. Ivuza umgcini obesabambelele ekutsaleni, nto leyo eyahluke kakhulu kwimbuyekezo eprintwe kwitshati emva komcimbi.
Inxalenye yebali phantse akukho mntu ufundayo
Irandi ayibi buthathaka ngamabona-ndenzile, kwaye oomatshini abasemva kwayo benza ngabom ngaphezu kokuba uninzi lwabalondolozi bemali becinga. NgoMatshi ka-2020, xa imakethi yebhondi yasekhaya yabanda, i-Reserve Bank yangenelela yaza, ngamazwi ayo, yenza imali yokuthenga izinto zexabiso. Ngo-Okthobha wama-2020 yayithenge i-R38.8 yeebhiliyoni zeebhondi zikarhulumente, ixhaswa ngemali hayi ngokuthengisa nantoni na kodwa ngokwandisa ibhalansi yayo. I-Bhanki ibisoloko igxininisa ukuba oku ibingekokuthomalalisa ngokobungakanani, kwaye ngokobuchwephesha inokuba kulungile, kodwa ubuchwephesha bokwenza imali entsha yokuthatha amatyala karhulumente bujongeka ngokufanayo nangaliphi na igama elithe nca kubo. Kwaze ngo-2024 kwafika ilungiselelo le-GFECRA, iakhawunti erekhoda iinzuzo zohlaziyo kwigolide yelizwe kunye noovimba bangaphandle. Ihleli kuthango lweebhiliyoni ezingama-R28 ngo-2003. Amashumi amabini eebhiliyoni zeerandi yatyhalela ngaphaya kwe-R500 yeebhiliyoni, kwaye i-R150 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngoku ihlawulwa kuNondyebo kwiminyaka emithathu, ixhaswa ngokudala amatyala amatsha ebhanki enguvimba endaweni yokuthengisa uvimba omnye. Inzuzo yokuhlaziya ukuba ubungakanani ayisiyo inzuzo yokurhweba. Yiminyaka engamashumi amabini yokuhla kwerandi, ibalwe ngobunono ngabacwangcisi-mali bakarhulumente.
Akukho nanye kwezi zinto eyenza uMzantsi Afrika ube lixelegu. Iyenza iqheleke.
Amatyala kawonke-wonke aphantse aphindaphindeka kathathu ukusukela ngo-2008, ukuwenza ngoku kuginya isiqwenga esikhulu sengeniso karhulumente, kwaye urhulumente ophantsi kolo hlobo loxinzelelo ungqiyama emalini yakhe ekugqibeleni kuba ezinye iindlela zibiza iivoti. Irandi ayiphathwanga kakuhle. Phantse yonke imali ye-fiat ilahlekelwe amandla okuthenga ngokuhamba kwexesha, kuba phantse yonke ibhanki ephakathi iyakwandisa imali yayo phantsi koxinzelelo. Irandi iphulukene noninzi, ngenxa yezizathu ezisekelwe kwingxelo yangoku, ubume bemali kunye nembali ende yezopolitiko. Isalathiso, nangona kunjalo, siyafana kuyo yonke indawo.
Unikezelo olusisigxina kwelinye icala lorhwebo
Unikezelo lweBitcoin lufakwe kwi-21 yezigidi zemali, kwaye loo cap ayingomgca wokuthengisa. Ngumthetho onyanzeliswa yiyo yonke i-node epheleleyo eqhuba isofthiwe, kwaye nayiphi na inzame yokuyitshintsha iyaliwa ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kwesibheno. Akukho bhanki enguvimba, unondyebo okanye ikomiti inokuvota ngakumbi ukuba ibekho. Iingqekembe ezintsha zifika kwishedyuli ebhalwe ngo-2009 kwaye ayizange itshintshe ukususela ngoko, isiqingatha malunga nesiqingatha ngasinye emva kweminyaka emine de ukukhutshwa kuyeke ngokupheleleyo malunga ne-2140. Ukusukela ngo-2024 bafumana i-3.125. Ngaphezulu kwe-90% yayo yonke i-bitcoin eya kuhlala ikhona sele ikhutshiwe, ngoko ke umbuzo wokuhlanjululwa ulungiswa ngokubanzi kwangaphambili, into echasene ngqo ne-akhawunti enokukhula nge-R150 yezigidigidi kuba amagosa avumile ukuba kufanele. I-asethi okunikezelwa kwayo ayikwazi ukunyuswa ngaphandle ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa njengerhafu ezolileyo kubantu abayibambayo. Ndibeka icala lemali laloo nto ngokupheleleyo i-fiat Unyuko lwamaxabiso ngokuchasene nonikezelo olusisigxina lweBitcoin.
Le nto isebenza njani njengeheji yerandi
Iheji yerandi yiyo nayiphi na i-asethi ethanda ukubamba okanye efumana ixabiso xa irandi isihla. Izabelo ze-Offshore, iibhondi zeedola, igolide kunye nepropathi yangaphandle ngamagama emveli kolu luhlu, kwaye i-Bitcoin ikulo, kunye nesiqinisekiso esicacileyo sokuba izisa ukuguquguquka kwayo ngaphezulu kwesiphumo semali. Umbuzo wokwenyani kumsindisi kukuba ingaba oko kuguquguquka okongeziweyo lixabiso elifanelekileyo le nto i-Bitcoin inikezela ngayo abanye ayinakuhambelana, okukulula ukufikelela okudityaniswe nobonelelo olunzima lweqashiso. Ndibeka inguqulelo ethembekileyo yengxabano yehedge yintoni ingxabano yehedge ngokwenene.
Apha iinkcukacha zendawo zibala ngaphezu kwethiyori. Ukuthintela indlela yemveli kuthetha ukususa imali kude nonxweme, nto leyo ikutsalela kulawulo lotshintshiselwano, ii-akhawunti zangaphandle kunye nezibonelelo zonyaka ezibonisa ukuba yimalini enokushiywa ngonyaka. I-Bitcoin ethengwe ngokwerandi ngomboneleli ogunyazisiweyo walapha ekhaya yintengiselwano yerandi engadingi mvume ye-SARB kwaye akukho akhawunti yemali yangaphandle, kwaye igcinwe ekuhlaleni ngokwesakhiwo esilawulwayo ayibalwa ngokuchasene nesibonelelo sakho sotyalo-mali lwangaphandle.
Ikunika utyhileko oluziphatha kude nonxweme ngelixa i-asethi ihlala ilawulwa ngokusemthethweni apha. Yithumele kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle konxweme ngaphandle kwemvume kwaye uwelele kurhwebo lwangaphandle olungagunyaziswanga, ngoko ke uqeqesho lusasebenza, kodwa indlela eqhelekileyo yokuthenga-ubambe ilula kakhulu kunayo nayiphi na enye indlela ephuma erandini.
Oku akuthethi
Akukho nanye kwezi eyenza i-Bitcoin ibe yindawo ekhuselekileyo yemali yenyanga ezayo.
Ayiyondawo yokugcina ixabiso elizinzileyo kwixesha elifutshane, kwaye ixabiso layo ngokwerandi kunye nerandi ngokwemigaqo yedola liye lehla ngaphezu kwesiqingatha kumatyeli amaninzi. Inkunzi onokuyidinga ngaphakathi konyaka ayinashishini apha. Ingxabano yerandi yeheji isebenza kugcino lwexesha elide, imali onokuthi uyishiye yodwa iminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwelishumi, apho i-horizon inde ngokwaneleyo ukufunxa ukuguquguquka okuza kupakishwa isibonelelo esisisigxina. Ngalo naliphi na ixesha lokubamba iminyaka emininzi kwimbali yeBitcoin, ukubamba irandi kwi-akhawunti evelisa inzala akuzange kuwagcine amandla okuthenga ngokuchasene nempahla enzima. Elo rekhodi lifutshane kuneyegolide okanye ipropathi okanye iJohannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)'s. Iseyingxelo ekhoyo, kwaye isalatha indlela enye.
Ingakanani ipotifoliyo ekufanele ihlale kwiBitcoin ngumbuzo owahlukileyo ekubeni ingaba irandi iyakuthethelela kusini na ukuba nempahla enzima kwaphela. Impendulo yokuqala inyanzelisa kumanani. Okwesibini kuxhomekeke kumvuzo wakho, ukunyamezela kwakho umngcipheko, i-horizon yakho kunye nento osele unayo, eyincoko endaweni yefomula. Xa ndisenza umsebenzi ndiyimisa njengemali eyongezelekayo yenyanga ukusuka kwi-R1,000 ngenyanga, ndisakhela ekuzigcineni ngokukhokelwa njengoko sikhula isikhundla, ngoko ke irandi obuyibekele bucala iminyaka yenza umsebenzi owahlukileyo kwirandi oyichithe kule veki.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Kutheni le nto irandi ilahlekelwe lixabiso elingaka xa ithelekiswa nedola kwiminyaka engama-20?
Ukwehla kwerandi kubonakalisa imeko yemali yoMzantsi Afrika ngoku, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuqhube ngaphezu kwamaqabane aphambili arhwebayo, kunye nokungaqiniseki okuphindaphindiweyo kwezopolitiko kunye nezezimali. La mandla olwakhiwo athe aqhubeleka kwimijikelo emininzi kunye nolawulo, hayi ezothuso zomntu omnye. Kumgcini wexesha elide intsingiselo ayicacanga: ugcino lwerandi, nabo bafumana inzala evumayo, bajongana namandla okuthenga aqhubekayo athi adibanise ngokuzolileyo unyaka nonyaka.
Imbuyekezo yeBitcoin yerandi yohluke njani kwimbuyekezo yedola?
Umnini werandi ufumana amandla amabini ngaxeshanye, ixabiso leBitcoin ngokwalo kwiimarike zehlabathi kunye nerandi iwa xa ithelekiswa nedola engaphantsi kwayo, kwaye ziyama endaweni yokurhoxisa. Yiyo loo nto imbuyekezo yerandi ngexesha elinikiweyo iphuma inkulu kunembuyekezo yedola. Umsantsa ophakathi kwezi zimbini, phantse kanye, ukwehla kwerandi ngela xesha. Ubuthathaka okonakalisa i-akhawunti yokonga kwerandi ikwabubuthathaka obufanayo obuphakamisa ixabiso lerandi le-asethi enzima egcinwe ecaleni kwayo.
Ngaba iBitcoin luthango lwerandi olungcono kuneequity zaphesheya okanye igolide?
Ngamnye wenza umsebenzi ngokwahlukileyo. Izabelo zamashishini ezingenanzala emisiweyo zitsalela kulawulo lotshintshiselwano kunye nemida yesibonelelo sonyaka. Igolide inerekhodi elide kunye nokuguquguquka kwexesha elifutshane elisezantsi. I-Bitcoin inikezela ngeyona ndlela ilula yokufikelela, ethengwe ngerandi ngomnikezeli onelayisensi yasekhaya ngaphandle kwemvume ye-SARB, kunye nobonelelo olunzima kwezi zintathu. I-tradeoff kukuguquguquka kwayo okuphezulu kwexesha elifutshane. Okuhambelanayo kuxhomekeke kwi-horizon yakho kunye nokunyamezela kwakho ukutsalwa, hayi umgangatho wendalo yonke. Ukubamba ngaphezu kwesinye kuzo kukhuseleka ngokugqibeleleyo.
Ngaba ukuthenga iBitcoin eMzantsi Afrika kufuna ukuhambisa imali kude nonxweme?
Hayi. I-Bitcoin ethengwe ngomnikezeli waseMzantsi Afrika onelayisensi yasekhaya yitransekshini yerandi engadingi mvume ye-SARB, akukho akhawunti yemali yangaphandle kwaye akukho kusebenzisa isibonelelo sakho sonyaka sotyalo-mali lwangaphandle, kwaye igcinwe ekuhlaleni ngokwenkqubo elawulwayo ayibalwa ngokuchasene neso sibonelelo. Ayikhululwa kwi-SARS, kuba ukulahlwa kuhlala kuyimicimbi erhafiswa. Ukuthumela i-Bitcoin kutshintshiselwano lwe-offshore ngaphandle kwemvume inokuphathwa njengokungagunyaziswanga kwangaphandle, ke gcina ukubamba kuphantsi apha.
Yisuse enye imali egciniweyo kwindawo enokufikeleleka kwirandi.
I-SimplB inceda abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bathenge kwaye babambe i-Bitcoin ngokufanelekileyo, njengoMmeli osemthethweni we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).
Yenza imephu yeheji yakho yerandi