Ityala leNkundla yeBhanki eMigangatho: Yintoni iSARB Ulawulo lweBitcoin luthetha kubatyalomali baseMzantsi Afrika
INkundla ePhakamileyo yaseMzantsi Afrika ithethe ngokucacileyo ukuba i-Bitcoin asiyomali, kwaye i-Reserve Bank ichithe unyaka izama ukuyiphelisa. Loo mlo unegama kunye nenombolo: I-Standard Bank of South Africa v South African Reserve Bank, yagqitywa ePitoli ngoMeyi 2025. Oku kukufunda kwam oko kwenzeka ngokwenene kweso sigwebo, yintoni i-Reserve Bank eyayileqa ngokwenene, kwaye sithetha ntoni isigwebo kuwe ukuba ubambe i-Bitcoin apha ngo-2026.
Ukuthathwa okungundoqo
NgoMeyi ka-2025 iNkundla ePhakamileyo yasePitoli yabamba ukuba i-Imali yekhripto asiyomali okanye inkunzi phantsi kwe-Exchange Control Regulations ka-1961, ibiza ufundo oluchasayo lwe-Reserve Bank lunzima kwaye alunakwenzeka. IBhanki enguVimba iphulukene nempahla ebiyifuna. Kunyaka kamva iNkundla ePhakamileyo eyahlukileyo yafikelela kwisigqibo esichaseneyo yaza yasibiza isigwebo sokuqala ngokucacileyo ukuba sasiphosakele. I-Treasury isuke yahamba ukuze ixazulule umbuzo ngokubhala i-crypto kwimithetho ngokuthe ngqo. Kuninzi lwabanini-mali umyalezo ulula: thenga ngerandi ngomnikezeli wasekhaya onelayisensi kwaye uphathe nayiphi na intshukumo enqumla imida yeenkozo njengombuzo wobungcali, hayi umfuniselo wempelaveki.
Ityala lalimalunga nantoni
Inguqulelo edumileyo yeli bali ineenyani ezijonge phantsi. I-Standard Bank yayingengomntu okhohlakeleyo owala ukuvumela nabani na ukuba athengise ngeBitcoin. I-Standard Bank yaba ngumfaki-sicelo, kwaye imali yomthengi wayo yayiyimali esengozini.
Ingxaki yaqala ngeshishini elibizwa ngokuba nguLeo Cash and Carry. NgoJulayi ka-2019 iSebe le-Reserve Bank ye-Financial Surveillance Department lithe cwaka lavula uphando kwi-cluster of entities ezihamba i-Bitcoin offshore, LCC phakathi kwazo. Ngomhla wama-28 kuFebruwari 2020 uFinSurv wayalela i-Standard Bank ukuba imise ii-akhawunti zeLCC phantsi kwemigaqo 22A kunye ne-22C, ngokurhanelwa kutyeshelo lolawulo lotshintshiselwano. Amanani asemva kweso sikrokro ayengemancinci. Ingxelo ye-PwC ebekwe phambi kwenkundla yafumanisa ukuba i-LCC ithumele i-4,405.9783 Bitcoin, exabisa malunga ne-R556 yezigidi ngelo xesha, kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle lwe-Huobi Global kulo lonke u-2019, eyayimalunga neekota ezintathu zayo yonke into eyayithumela apho.
Ngoko ibhanki yabanjwa phakathi. AbakwaFinSurv babefuna ukuba imali ihluthwe njengemali efunyenwe ngokuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngokungekho mthethweni kwenkunzi. I-LCC ithe akukho mali ithunyelwe ngaphandle, kuba i-Bitcoin ayilona uhlobo lwento imimiselo ye-1961 eyake yabhalwa ukuba ibanjwe. I-Standard Bank icele inkundla ukuba ithathe isigqibo, kuba ibhanki ekhupha imali esele igcinwe yi-Reserve Bank ithi kamva ibize ukuthengiswa kwezinto ezingekho mthethweni yibhanki enengxaki enkulu.
Yonke ingxabano yajika umbuzo omnye olula ngenkohliso. Xa uthenga i-Bitcoin ngerandi uze uyithumele phesheya, ngaba ukhe wayisusa imali okanye i-capital ngaphandle kwelizwe, okanye ngaba uye wahambisa into engekho emthethweni okwangoku?
Isigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo yasePitoli
Isigwebo sehle ngomhla we-15 kuMeyi 2025. U-Motha J, ohleli kwiCandelo laseGauteng ePitoli, usebenze ngemimiselo emibini ngokulandelelanayo.
Eyokuqala ibingummiselo 3(1)(c), othetha ngemali. I-Reserve Bank yaxoxa ukuba i-Bitcoin sisixhobo esivumela intlawulo kwimali engekho mthethweni apha, kwaye okomzuzwana iirandi zingena kwi-crypto wallet zalahlekelwa yimpawu kwaye ixabiso lerandi, kwibinzana le-Reserve Bank, lilahlekile ngonaphakade kwi-balance sheet yaseMzantsi Afrika. Inkundla ayizange izicenge. Igolide kunye nezibambiso kunye nemali engamaphepha asuka kumazwe angaphandle ayibandakanyi Imali yekhripto, ijaji yabanjwa, uze uyibeke malunga ngokuphandle njengoko isigwebo nanini na. Imali yekhripto ayikho imali. Ukuyifunda njengemali ngokwandisa inkcazo yemali yangaphandle, ngokwamazwi enkundla, kwakucinezelekile kwaye kwakungenakwenzeka. Ukuba i-Bitcoin yayiyimali, i-wallets ngokwazo yayinokuthi ifakwe, kwaye ngokucacileyo ayinakukwazi.
Okwesibini ibingummiselo 10(1)(c), ojongene nenkunzi kunye nokuthunyelwa kwelungelo kwinkunzi. Apha ijaji yayame kumgaqo omiselweyo wokuba imimiselo edala izohlwayo zolwaphulo-mthetho nezolawulo kufuneka ifundwe ngokungqongqo. Kulo naluphi na ulwakhiwo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ngokungqongqo, i-Imali yekhripto yawela ngaphandle kwentsingiselo yenkunzi. Ukohluthwa akuphumelelanga.
Into engenziwanga yinkundla ibaluleke njengaleyo iyenzileyo. Ayizange ibhengeze i-Bitcoin ingalawulwa okanye ingaphaya kokufikelela kurhulumente. Ifumene isithuba.
Ijaji ichaze i-lacuna elawulayo kwaye yathi, ngamagama amaninzi, ukuba isikhokelo esijongene ne-Imali yekhripto yayisele idlulile, ukuba iinkundla azikwazi ukuwubhala kwakhona umthetho ukugubungela i-asethi yePalamente engazange icinge, kwaye lo ngumsebenzi wowiso-mthetho kwaye kungekhona ibhentshi. UMzantsi Afrika lulawulo lwentando yesininzi ngokomgaqo-siseko olulawulwa ngumthetho, isigwebo esiphawulweyo, kwaye ukwahlulwa kwamagunya ayisologeni ekufuneka itshangatshangiswa xa umlawuli efumanisa ukuba amagama akhoyo angakholeleki.
Loo mahluko yingongoma epheleleyo. I-Reserve Bank ayizange ilahlekelwe ngenxa yokuba i-Bitcoin ayinamthetho. Ilahlekile ngenxa yokuba i-rulebook ye-1961 yabhalelwa ihlabathi leebhanki kunye nemida kwaye ayizange icinge ukuba i-asethi ethwalayo ihamba ngokwayo. Ndiyasikhupha isizathu sokuba i-asethi efana nale yophula imodeli endala kwingcambu iqhekeza lam kwi-Bitcoin njenge-asethi yomphathi kumthetho waseMzantsi Afrika.
Kutheni iBhanki enguVimba ingakwazanga ukuyiyeka ime
Ukuphulukana neli tyala kubize i-Reserve Bank imali engaphezulu kwesinye. Yaveza oomatshini.
Ulawulo lotshintshiselwano kweli lizwe luxhomekeke kwingcinga enye ebambe iminyaka engamashumi amathandathu: yonke imida yexabiso yokuwela imida idlula kumthengisi ogunyazisiweyo, oku kuthetha ukuba ibhanki, oku kuthetha ukuba iziko urhulumente angaliyalela. Iincwadana zabathengisi abagunyazisiweyo azikavumeli utshintshiselwano lwangaphandle ngenjongo ecacileyo yokuthenga i-crypto. Ulungele ukusebenzisa isibonelelo sakho esisodwa okanye isibonelelo sakho senkunzi sangaphandle, kunye ne-PIN yokuthobela irhafu evela kwiNkonzo yeRhafu yaseMzantsi Afrika (SARS) apho kukho isibonelelo esikhulu, kwaye ibhanki iya kuyiqinisekisa loo PIN phambi kokuba isuse isenti. Loo nkqubo isebenza kakuhle de ixabiso liyayeka ukudlula ebhankini. Umntu onamagama alishumi elinesibini agcinwe kwinkumbulo akanamthengisi kwiluphu kwaye akana-PIN yokuqinisekisa, kwaye i-Reserve Bank iyayazi loo nto. Yiyo loo nto ilahleko yahlabayo. Yayingekho malunga nama-R556 ezigidi. Yayimalunga nomngxuma eludongeni.
Umthetho wesibini owaphinda wavula yonke into
Ukuba ibali beliphelile ngoMeyi ka-2025 umthetho ubunokulungiswa, nokuba i-Reserve Bank ibingayithandi loo nto. Akuzange kuphelele apho.
Ngomhla woku-1 kweyeSilimela ngowama-2026 iNkundla ePhakamileyo eyahlukileyo yagqiba kwelokuba uMangundhla kunye neBhanki enguVimba yoMzantsi Afrika, kwaye kwiinyani eziphambi kwayo, yabamba ukuba iBitcoin yayiyimali kunye nenkunzi yeenjongo zolawulo lotshintshiselwano. Isigwebo asizange sibonise imbeko kwityala elingaphambili. Yasibiza iStandard Bank isigwebo esigwenxa ngokucacileyo. Iinkundla ezimbini ezime ngokulinganayo, ezihleli nje unyaka wonke ngokwahlukeneyo, ngoku zimi kumacala achaseneyo owona mbuzo usisiseko inokujongana nawo. Ide ithethe inkundla ephakamileyo, isigwebo sangaphambili sihlala singumthetho olungileyo, kodwa akukho mntu ucebisa abathengi onokwenza ngathi umhlaba uqinile. Ndiya phambili kwindlela iibhentshi ezimbini ezifikelele ngayo kwiimpendulo ezichaseneyo, kwaye kutheni ukudideka kunyanisekile kunokungakwazi, ukujonga kwam ukuba ubungqina bubonisa ntoni malunga nommiselo weBitcoin apha.
Indlela uNondyebo azama ngayo ukuphelisa ingxabano
Iijaji ezingavumelaniyo esidlangalaleni zikholisa ukugxila kwingqondo yendlu yowiso-mthetho. Kulo mbuzo sele yenze kanye loo nto.
I-Budget ye-2026, eyanikezelwa ngomhla we-25 ngoFebruwari 2026, yazisa ukuba i-crypto assets iya kuziswa kwisikhokelo solawulo lokuhamba kwemali. UNondyebo ke wapapasha uyilo lwe-Capital Flow Management Regulations, indawo epheleleyo yolawulo lwe-1961 kunokuba i-patch kuyo, ivulekele izimvo zoluntu phakathi kwe-2026. Idrafti yenza kanye oko inkundla yasePitoli yathi kuphela uwiso-mthetho onokuyenza: ibhala i-crypto assets kwinkcazo ye-capital, ngoko i-gap isigwebo esifunyenweyo sivalwe ngummiselo kunokuba sitolikwe. Ukuba olo yilo luba ngumthetho, uloyiso lwe-Standard Bank luba yimbali umdla. Umbuzo wokuba ingaba i-Bitcoin ihambelana namagama amadala iyayeka ukubaluleka, kuba kuya kuba namagama amatsha akhelwe kuyo. Ndibhale ngokwahlukeneyo malunga nokumila kweso sikhokelo kunye nento enokuthi ifune abo bagciniweyo abaqhelekileyo, kwaye kufanelekile ukufunda ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ukuba inkululeko yangoku isisigxina, kwi. yintoni iBhajethi ye-2026 ithetha ngeBitcoin kunye nolawulo lotshintshiselwano.
Kuthetha ukuthini oku ukuba ubambe iBitcoin ngoku
Zihlube kude izicatshulwa kwaye indawo ebonakalayo imxinwa kunokuba ikhangeleka.
Ukuba uthenga i-Bitcoin ngerandi kumnikezeli waseMzantsi Afrika onelayisensi kwaye uyigcine apha, akukho nanye kwezi ekuchukumisayo. Leyo yintengiselwano yasekhaya ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni, ayikhe iwele umda kwaye akukho kufundwa kwawo nawuphi na umgaqo, okwangoku okanye uyilo, uyijika ibe yi-offshore flow.
Ukungaqiniseki kuhlala ngokupheleleyo kumbuzo owela umda, kwaye kukho ngokwenene. Kumthetho wanamhlanje i-Standard Bank egwebayo kwaye iingqekembe zemali aziyonkunzi, ngoko ke ukutshintshelwa kude nonxweme akubanjwa. Kumthetho wangomso, nokuba kungenxa yokuqiqa kukaMangundhla ephumelele isibheno okanye idrafti yemigaqo epasisiweyo, olo dluliselo lufanayo lunokubekwa ngokutsha njengorhwebo oluphuma kwamanye amazwe olungagunyaziswanga, iimali ezinkozo zisesichengeni sokuhluthwa kwaye umntu usesichengeni esibi kakhulu. Ukuhambisa i-Bitcoin ngaphaya komda ngo-2026 kukubheja kweyiphi inguqulelo yomthetho osindayo, kwaye andiyi kwenza ukuba ukubheja egameni lomxhasi ngaphandle kokujonga ngokufanelekileyo imeko yabo kuqala.
Ke ingcebiso yam yokuma ayishukumi. Thenga ekuhlaleni, ngerandi, ngomnikezeli onelayisenisi yokwenene, ukuze irekhodi yakho yokufumana icoceke ukusuka kwisenti yokuqala kwaye isikhundla sakho sime ngokuthe ngqo ngaphakathi kulawulo lwaseMzantsi Afrika. Gcina iirekhodi ezingqina ukuba ivela phi imali kunye nalapho zihambe khona. Emva koko, ukuba ucinga ngayo nantoni na echaphazela umda, cela ngaphambi kokuba wenze kunokuba emva koko. Ukubanjwa kwasekhaya okucocekileyo yinxalenye enye yale tangle yonke elula, kwaye ihlala ilula ngokuchanekileyo kuba ayilokothi ishiye ilizwe. Ndibeka umfanekiso obanzi wokuthotyelwa, ukusuka kwi-Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) ilayisenisi ukuya ku-SARS apho ulawulo lotshintshiselwano luhamba khona, Isikhokelo sam sokuthotyelwa kolawulo lweBitcoin eMzantsi Afrika.
Isigwebo sifanelekile ukuba sifundwe ngokupheleleyo ukuba le mibuzo ikugcina ebusuku. Ukuba ungathanda ukuba umntu olandele oku ukusukela ngo-2016 akuxelele ukuba indawo yakho ihlala phi, yincoko endiba nayo nabathengi veki nganye. Unga bhukisha ifowuni yesakhiwo seBitcoin kwaye siya kuyijonga kunye, enye ukuya kwenye, xa ndiqonda ukuba yintoni kanye kanye oyibambeleyo kwaye ufuna iye phi.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ityala lenkundla yeStandard Bank Bitcoin lalimalunga nantoni?
I-Reserve Bank ye-Financial Surveillance Department iye yavala ii-akhawunti ze-Standard Bank zeshishini elibizwa ngokuba yi-Leo Cash and Carry, likrokrela ukuchasana nolawulo lotshintshiselwano emva kokuba ithumele imithamo emikhulu yeBitcoin kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle. I-Standard Bank yawuthatha lo mba wayisa kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yasePitoli ukuze ithathe isigqibo sokuba ingaba imali ingachithwa ngokusemthethweni kusini na. Ityala lajika ukuba i-Bitcoin ibalwa njengemali okanye inkunzi phantsi kweMimiselo yoLawulo loTshintsho lwe-1961.
Yagqiba ngelithini iNkundla ePhakamileyo?
Ngomhla we-15 kuCanzibe ka-2025 iNkundla ePhakamileyo yasePitoli yabamba ukuba i-Imali yekhripto asiyomali okanye inkunzi phantsi kwemigaqo ka-1961. Ibize ukuba ukufunda okuchasayo kwe-Reserve Bank kunqabile kwaye akunakusebenza kwaye yala ukuhluthwa. Ijaji ichaze i-lacuna yokulawula kwaye yathi ukujongana ne-crypto kwakungumsebenzi wepalamente, kungekhona iinkundla. INkundla ePhakamileyo eyahlukileyo ifikelele kumbono ochaseneyo ngoJuni ka-2026, ngoko ke isikhundla ngoku siyachaswa kulindelwe inkundla ephakamileyo.
Ingaba eli tyala lenkundla liyabachaphazela abathengi beBitcoin baseMzantsi Afrika?
Kubantu abaninzi impembelelo ebonakalayo ilinganiselwe. Ukuthenga i-Bitcoin ngerandi ngomnikezeli walapha ekhaya onelayisensi kwaye uyibambe eMzantsi Afrika yitransekshini yasekhaya engazange iwele mida, ngoko ke akukho kufundwa kwale migaqo kuyijika ibe yi-offshore flow. Ukungaqiniseki kuhleli ngokupheleleyo ngokugqithiselwa komda weengqekembe, kulapho kufuneka uthathe iingcebiso ngaphambi kokuba usebenze.
Ngaba iinguqu kuHlahlo lwabiwo-mali luka-2026 zisombulula ukungaqiniseki kwezomthetho?
I-Budget ye-2026 yazisa ukuba i-crypto assets iya kuziswa kwi-capital flow management framework, kwaye uNondyebo upapashe idrafti ye-Capital Flow Management Regulations ukubhala i-crypto kwinkcazo ye-capital ngqo. Ukuba loo nto iba ngumthetho ivala i-gap isigwebo esifunyenweyo, kwaye umbuzo wokuba i-Bitcoin ifanelana namagama amadala iyayeka ukubaluleka. Kude kube ngoko isigwebo sangaphambili sihlala singumthetho olungileyo. Book a call ukuxoxa ngesimo sakho.
Gcina indawo yakho yeBitcoin ihambelana.
I-SimplB inceda abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ukuba babambe kwaye bamise i-Bitcoin ngaphakathi kwesakhelo esicacileyo somthetho, njengoMmeli woBugqwetha we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).
Bhukha umnxeba wokufunyanwa