Ulawulo lukaNondyebo weBitcoin eMzantsi Afrika: Kutheni uMgaqo-nkqubo wakho uMisa kwiSitshixo saBucala
Umgaqo-nkqubo kaNondyebo weBitcoin urekhoda ukuba inkampani izimisele ukwenza ntoni na ngesikhundla sayo: iza kubamba malini, xa iza kulungelelanisa, ngubani onokugunyazisa ukulahlwa kwaye ngeliphi ixabiso. Eyona nto ikwaziyo ukuyenza inkampani ihlaliswe kwenye indawo ngokupheleleyo, ngolungiselelo lokugcinwa. Yehla ukuba bangaphi abantu ekufuneka bavumelane ngaphambi kokuba nayiphi na i-Bitcoin ihambe. Apho umsebenzi omnye eneseti enye yeenkcukacha, yonke imida kulo mgaqo-nkqubo yeyokuzithandela. Ibophelela inkampani ngokuchanekileyo logama nje loo mntu ekhetha ukubotshwa yiyo, oko kukuthi ibambe yonke imihla eqhelekileyo kwaye isilele ngosuku olunye ebibhalelwe yona.
Uninzi lweebhodi zaseMzantsi Afrika azizange ziwuvavanye umahluko, kuba ipolisi kunye nesipaji zivunywa ngabantu abohlukeneyo kwiintlanganiso ezahlukeneyo kwaye akukho mntu unelungelo lokujoyina.
Abalawuli bakho bakuphathele buqu oku
ICandelo lama-76 loMthetho weeNkampani onguNombolo 71 ka-2008 lifuna ukuba umlawuli enze ngenkathalo, isakhono nenkuthalo elindelekileyo kumntu oqhuba loo msebenzi. ICandelo lama-77 lenza ukuba umlawuli abe noxanduva lobuqu ngelahleko efunyanwa yinkampani ngokwaphula loo msebenzi.
Umgaqo wokugweba ishishini kwicandelo 76(4) ubonelela ngezibuko elikhuselekileyo, nangona limxinwa. Ikhusela umalathisi owathabatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuze aziswe, owayengenamdla wobuqu ongquzulanayo wemali nowayenezizathu ezisengqiqweni zokukholelwa ukuba isigqibo siyenzele inkampani. Ibhodi eyamkele umgaqo-nkqubo kanondyebo we-Bitcoin ngaphandle kokubuza ukuba ingaba umgaqo-nkqubo unokunyanzeliswa ayikhange ithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuze kwaziswe ngento evunyiweyo.
I-King IV Principle 11 ibeka uxanduva olufanayo kulwimi lolawulo, okwenza ukuba iqumrhu elilawulayo liphendule ngolawulo lomngcipheko nalapho ligunyazisa ukuyila nokuphunyezwa kulawulo. Ugunyaziso lomsebenzi alunikezeli uxanduva lokuphendula.
I-accounting ixela ilahleko yakho hayi iinzuzo zakho
I-accounting ke yenza isikhundla sibe nzima kunokuba sibe lula, ngendlela ethe ngqo kwiinkampani ezinika ingxelo phantsi kwe-IFRS. Ukulandela isigqibo se-ajenda yeKomiti ye-IFRS ye-ajenda kaJuni 2019, i-Bitcoin ebanjwe yinkampani engeyiyo i-broker-dealer yi-asethi engabonakaliyo phantsi kwe-IAS 38. Iphethe ubomi obuncedo obungenasiphelo, oku kuthetha ukuba akukho ntlawulo kunye novavanyo lokunciphisa endaweni yoko.
Ngaphantsi kwemodeli yeendleko ihlala kwiindleko zokunciphisa okuncinci, ngoko ke inzuzo ayibonakali. Ngaphantsi kwemodeli yokuhlaziya, leyo i-Bitcoin ifaneleka ngenxa yokuba imarike esebenzayo ikhona, ukunyuka kuya kwenye ingeniso ebanzi kunenzuzo. Ukunciphisa inzuzo kunye nelahleko, ngaphandle kwalapho zibuyisela umva iinzuzo zangaphambili.
Funda oko kwakhona njengomlawuli. Iinzuzo zakho zeBitcoin azifikeleli kwingeniso exeliweyo. Ilahleko yakho yeBitcoin yenza. Iinkampani zaseMelika ziye zasiwa kwixabiso elifanelekileyo ngengeniso eshiyekileyo yi-FASB ASU 2023-08, yiyo loo nto uninzi lwamagqabaza kanondyebo owafundayo luthatha ukulingano. Iinkampani zaseMzantsi Afrika zinika ingxelo phantsi kwe-IFRS kwaye azizange ziyifumane loo nto. Isiphumo esisebenzayo kukuba ingxelo yengeniso yakho iya kumela kakubi indawo yakho yeBitcoin kwicala elinye okoko uyibambe. Uxinzelelo lokwenza into ngokukhawuleza luya kufika ngamanani axeliweyo kunoqoqosho. Kungelo xesha kanye ibhodi ifuna ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wayo wokuphuma unyanzeliswe kunokuba ubhalwe nje.
Ngubani onokuhambisa iingqekembe?
Ngoko cinga ukuba ibhodi yakho yenze umsebenzi ngokufanelekileyo. Kukho i-cap kwi-Bitcoin njengepesenti yee-asethi zizonke. Kukho izinto ezibangela ukulungelelanisa kunye namanani okwenene aqhotyoshelwe kuwo. Kukho inkqubo echaziweyo yokunyusa ukuhlawula amatyala ngokuchasene nesikhundla, ishedyuli yokuba ngubani na onokugunyazisa ukuchithwa kwexabiso kunye nomba omileyo kwi-ajenda yekomiti yophicotho-zincwadi. Iphepha ngalinye livunyiwe kwaye linemizuzu. Abalawuli bakho bakhuphe icandelo 76 kwiphepha.
Ngoku phendula umbuzo ube mnye. Ngubani onokuhambisa iingqekembe?
Ukuba impendulo enyanisekileyo yi-CFO, isebenza yodwa, ukusuka kwi-login yokutshintshiselana, ngoko yonke into engentla yingxelo yenjongo yokuba inkampani ayinayo indlela yokunyanzelisa. Inxalenye yesi siqwenga ijongene nokuvala eso sikhewu: ukuba yintoni ukuvala eyifikelelayo, into esilelayo ukuyiphumeza kunye nokuba sithetha ntoni na isikhundla solawulo lwaseMzantsi Afrika kwibhodi ethatha isigqibo ngendlela yokuphatha impahla.
| Inqaku eliphambili | Kuthetha ukuthini oku |
|---|---|
| Umgaqo-nkqubo uchaza injongo. Ugcino luthatha isigqibo sokubanako. | Umgaqo-nkqubo wokulinganisa okanye wokuphuma ubophelela kuphela inkampani ukuba ulwakhiwo lokutyikitya lubangela ukuba kube nzima kumntu omnye. |
| Abalawuli bavezwa buqu | ICandelo lama-77 loMthetho weeNkampani livumela uxanduva lomntu ngelahleko ebangelwe kukophulwa kwecandelo lama-76 lomsebenzi wokhathalelo, izakhono kunye nokukhuthala. |
| I-IFRS ixela ilahleko yakho, hayi iinzuzo zakho | Ngaphantsi kwe-IAS 38, ukonyuka kokuhlaziya kuya komnye umvuzo obanzi ngelixa kuncipha inzuzo kunye nelahleko. Imithetho yexabiso elifanelekileyo lase-US phantsi kwe-ASU 2023-08 ayisebenzi kuwe. |
| Ukufikelela kumsayino omnye kukuvezwa | Omnye umnini-khiye unokuthengisa, athembise ngesikhundla njengesibambiso okanye athenge ngaphaya kwe-cap emva kwemini, emva koko axele emva koko. |
| Abaphicothi-zincwadi bafuna ubukho nolawulo | Uxwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo alunabo ubungqina. Isakhiwo sokutyikitya esibhaliweyo esinobungqina bokuqinisekisa kwikhonkco zombini. |
| Ilayisensi ye-CASP ikuxelela kancinci iyodwa | I-Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) ivume malunga neelayisensi ze-CASP ze-300 ngo-2026. Ilayisensi ithi umboneleli ulawulwa. Ayitsho ukuba i-Bitcoin yakho ibanjwe njani. |
| Ulawulo lotshintshiselwano aluzinzanga | INkundla ePhakamileyo ifumene i-crypto iwela ngaphandle kwe-1961 Exchange Control Regulations. I-SARB ibhenele. Musa ukwakha kwingqikelelo yokuba oku kugqityiwe. |
Umgaqo-nkqubo uyachaza. Ugcino sigqibo.
Ityala lolawulo lobutyebi beBitcoin lenziwe ngokufanelekileyo kwenye indawo. UBryant Nielson kwi-Satoshi Institute uyibeke kakuhle mva nje: ukugwetyelwa okwenza ukuba i-Bitcoin isebenze i-treasury yinkolelo efanayo eyonakalisa iinkampani ezibambe ngaphandle kokuthintelwa. Impendulo yakhe kukufaka ulawulo ecaleni kwenkolelo. Ilungile loo nto xa ihamba.
Ima inyathelo elinye libe mfutshane. Ulawulo ekungekho mntu unokulunyanzelisa lukhetho. Incoko yonke yolawulo kule ndawo iqhutywa ngokungathi ukubhala umgaqo-nkqubo kunzima, xa inxalenye enzima yakha ilungiselelo apho ukwaphulwa komgaqo-nkqubo kungafumaneki kuye nawuphi na umntu omnye. Uxwebhu ludla ngokufumana iinyanga zokuqwalaselwa. Isipaji sithande ukufumana emva kwemini. Leyo yindlela engalunganga.
Cinga malunga nokuba abalawuli bakho bathembele kangakanani xa kuphela into emi phakathi kwenkampani kunye neBitcoin yayo iseti enye yeziqinisekiso. Bathembele kwisigqibo esilungileyo esiqhubekayo, ukuzinza ngokweemvakalelo kunye nokuzimela ngokobuqu komqeshwa omnye, phantsi kweemeko ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukubavavanya bobathathu. Nokuba leliphi na elo lungiselelo, lisebenza njengereferensi yabalinganiswa kunenkqubo-sikhokelo yolawulo.
Yintoni enokwenziwa ngomnye umnini-key phambi kwesidlo sasemini
Indlela eluncedo yokwandisa ukutyhileka kwakho kukuyeka ukubuza ukuba ithini na ipolisi kwaye uqalise ukudwelisa into enokwenziwa ngumntu omnye onofikelelo ngaphandle kokunqandwa ngumntu.
Bangayithengisa ngale ntsasa. Okanye ungaze uyithengise kwaphela. Zombini zilulawulo olufanayo olusilelayo, kumacala achaseneyo. Unondyebo obhatalisa ezantsi ngenxa yokuba amanqaku sele enganyamezeleki uye wayichitha ithisisi. Unondyebo ongeke ahlukane ne-satoshi phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko uye wasisusa ngokuzolileyo isikhundla kwiinketho zenkampani. Ibhodi yakho ayizange ivume kwezo zimo. Ayinandlela yokubambelela nabani na kulowo immiseleyo.
Bangayibambisa njengesibambiso. Qaphela ukuba ngubani osayina indawo yokuboleka imali kwiinkampani ezininzi. Ikwangulo mntu ubambe ufikelelo kwi-treasury, ebeka isigqibo sokuyixakaxa i-asethi kunye nokukwazi ukuyifaka kwisibini sezandla. Akukho mntu uzimeleyo kufuneka ajonge ezo zimbini ngokuchasene nomnye. Ibhodi ifunda ukuba i-Bitcoin ithembisiwe xa indawo ifumaneka kumanani, ngelo xesha ukutsalwa kwexabiso kuye kwaba ngumnxeba wexabiso kwi-asethi inkampani ayisakhululekanga ukuyithengisa.
Banokophula i-cap enye yokuthenga ngexesha. Ukwabiwa ngokugqithisileyo phantse akufiki njengesigqibo. Iyaqokelelana. Akukho mntu ubiza intlanganiso yokususa isikhundla ukusuka kwi-15% ye-asethi ukuya kwi-45%. Ifika apho ngothotho lwezinto ezithengiweyo ezikhusela umntu ngamnye, nganye eyenziwe ngumntu okholelwayo, ngokunyanisekileyo, ukuba benza oko kunomdla wenkampani. Umlinganiselo ophononongwa rhoqo ngekota xa uthelekiswa nomncono olawulwa ngumntu omnye yonke imihla sisithintelo egameni kuphela.
Banokwenza nayiphi na kuyo ngaphambi kokuba nabani na azi. Eli licandelo ekufuneka libambe ingqwalasela yabalawuli. Nganye kwezi zingentla izalisekiswa emva kwemini kwaye iya kuxelwa emva koko. Ulawulo lwakho luqhuba ngomjikelo wekota. Ukuba sesichengeni kwakho kuqhuba kwimizuzu elishumi.
Umaleko waseMzantsi Afrika
Uninzi lwamagqabantshintshi kanondyebo kulo mbandela lubhalelwe inkampani enebhanki yase-US, abaphicothi-zincwadi base-US kwaye akukho lawulo lotshintshiselwano lokucinga ngalo. Abalawuli bakho bakwigumbi elahlukileyo.
Qala ngolawulo lotshintshiselwano, apho isikhundla singasonjululwanga ngokwenene. In Standard Bank of South Africa v South African Reserve Bank kunye nabanye (047643/2023) [2025] ZAGPPHC 481, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yasePitoli ibambe ukuba Imali yekhripto akukho "capital" okanye "lwemali" ngeenjongo zemimiselo 3(1) (c) kunye 10(1)(c) of the Exchange Control Regulations, ngesiseko ithenda. I-SARB ke ngoko isebenze ngaphaya kwamandla ayo ekuphulukaneni ne-R26 yezigidi edityaniswe nezityholo zokuchasana ne-crypto. Imimiselo yomhla ukususela kwi-1961 kwaye yayingabhalwanga ngokucacileyo nge-asethi yedijithali engenamda engqondweni.
I-SARB iye yabhena kwaye iNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno ibanjwe ngalo mba. Funda isigwebo ngononophelo ngaphambi kokuba usiphathe njengeendaba ezilungileyo. Ithi imimiselo yangoku ayifiki kwi-crypto, eyinkcazo malunga nokuqulunqwa kwesixhobo se-1961 kunokuba isigqibo somgaqo-nkqubo sokushiya i-Bitcoin ngaphandle kolawulo lotshintshiselwano.
UNondyebo weSizwe kunye ne-SARB zombini zibonise ukuba isakhelo siyalungiswa, indlela endiyilandeleyo. I-Bitcoin kunye nolawulo lotshintshiselwano emva kweBhajethi ye-2026. Ibhodi eyakha indawo yokuwela umda namhlanje kwisigwebo sokuqala phantsi kwesibheno, kwindawo umlawuli uthe uzimisele ukuyivala, uthatha umbono olawulayo kunokuba uthembele kumgaqo omiselweyo. Abalawuli bakho kufuneka bazi ukuba yeyiphi kwezi bayenzayo.
Isikhundla se-FSCA sizinzile kwaye sincinci kunokuba sibonakala kuqala. Isaziso Jikelele 1350 ye-19 Oktobha 2022 ibhengeze i-crypto assets ukuba ibe yimveliso yezemali phantsi koMthetho we-Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act (FAIS). Ilayisensi yeCASP ifake isicelo ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kuJuni ka-2023. Ngo-2026 i-FSCA yayifumene izicelo ezingaphezulu kwama-500 kwaye yamkelwa malunga nama-300. Ixelela ibhodi yakho ukuba umboneleli ulawulwa ngendlela yokuziphatha. Ayixeleli ibhodi yakho nantoni na malunga nokuba iBitcoin yakho ibanjwe kwisakhiwo umgaqo-nkqubo wakho onokuthembela kuso, nto leyo ingumbuzo malunga nokusayina amalungiselelo endaweni yokufumana ilayisenisi.
Emva koko kukho uphicotho. Ekupheleni konyaka abaphicothi-zincwadi bakho baya kufuna ubungqina bokubakho kunye nobungqina bolawulo kwi-asethi. Leyo yimibuzo emibini eyahlukeneyo kwaye uxwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo aluyiphenduli. Ingxelo yotshintshiselwano iphendula eyokuqala ngobuthathaka kwaye eyesibini ayithethi kwaphela, kuba into eyingqinayo libango elichasene nomntu wesithathu endaweni yokulawula i-asethi ngokwayo. Apha kulapho ubume bogcino luyeka ukuba lukhetho lokhuseleko kwaye luqale ukuba yindawo yophicotho.
Akukho nanye ingxabano echasene nokubamba i-Bitcoin. I-Africa Bitcoin Corporation, eyayisakuba yi-Altvest, sele ibonisile ukuba i-Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)-inkampani edwelisiweyo inokwamkela i-Bitcoin njengesicwangciso esixeliweyo sikanondyebo, iphakamise ngokuchasene nayo kwaye ithathe imarike nayo, kwaye ndiye ndadlula kolo luhlu. Inkampani yokuqala yaseAfrika edweliswe nguJSE yeBitcoin. Umbuzo onomdla uqhubekile. Kungoku nje ukuba amaqumrhu oMzantsi Afrika alandela loo ndlela alwakha ulawulo ngaxeshanye nesikhundla okanye ajonge ukufikelela kuwo xa isithuba sikhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba angalimaza.
Yintoni i-2-of-3 isakhiwo esitshintsha ngokwenene
Kwilungiselelo le-2-of-3 ye-multi-signature, izitshixo ezintathu zikhona kwaye naziphi na ezimbini zazo zinokugunyazisa ukunyakaza. Inkampani inamabini amabini. Iqela lesithathu elilawulwayo libamba elinye. Ndibeke ii-mechanics zeso sakhiwo ngaphakathi Ukugcinwa kweBitcoin kwemityikityo emininzi.
Isiphumo sisakhiwo endaweni yezobugcisa. Akukho mntu kwinkampani unokuhambisa isikhundla yedwa, ngoko ke ishedyuli yokuchithwa kwebhodi yakho evunyiweyo ngoku inyanzeliswa lilungiselelo kunokuba wonke umntu aqhubeke ezimisele ukuyihlonipha. Inkampani igcina ulawulo lwe-asethi yayo, kuba ibambe ezimbini izitshixo ezintathu kwaye inokubuyisela kwaye ihambise isikhundla ngaphandle kwentsebenziswano yomntu wesithathu.
Enye inkcukacha ithatha isigqibo sokuba nayiphi na loo nto iyinyani. Izitshixo ezimbini zenkampani kufuneka zihlale nabantu abahlukane ngokwenene. Ukuba i-CFO ibambe zombini, uthenge i-backup ebiza kakhulu kunolawulo, kuba i-CFO isenokwenza yodwa. Beka enye ne-CFO kunye nomlawuli ozimeleyo okanye usihlalo webhodi. Umda wokutyikitya ke ube yindawo apho igunya lebhodi yakho lihlala khona ngokwasemzimbeni.
Cacisa malunga nokuba le nto iyenzayo kwaye ayisombululi, kuba isakhiwo esithengisiweyo sisakhiwo ibhodi yakho iya kuyeka ukuthembela. Iphelisa ukulahlwa kwelinye icala ngokupheleleyo. Akukho mntu uthengisa isithuba ngentsimbi yesi-3 ekuseni ngokubona kwakhe, nakweliphi na icala lokoyika.
Yenza ngaphantsi koko kwezinye ezintathu. I-vault ilawula ukuphuma endaweni yokungena, ngoko ayizukumisa unondyebo ukuba athenge ngaphaya kwe-cap nge-fiat yenkampani. Isibambiso sisenzo sekhontrakthi, ngoko ke isibonelelo sinokusayinwa ngokuchasene nesikhundla nokuba iinkozo zemali zingashenxiswa ukuze zanelise. Kwaye unondyebo ozimisele ukuba angaze athengise unokwala ukutyikitya, eyingxaki yabasebenzi endaweni ye-cryptographic. Yiyiphi i-multi-signature ekuthengayo kwezo zintathu lixesha kunye nokubonakala: akukho nto ihleli ngaphandle kokuba umntu wesibini ayibone, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba ibhodi ingenelele ngelixa ukungenelela kuseluncedo.
Ulwakhiwo olufanayo luphendula umphicothi-zincwadi wakho. Ilungiselelo lemisayino emininzi kunye nomsayini-ndawonye olawulwayo livelisa into enokuhloleka: ubungqina obunokuqinisekiswa kwikhonkco lesikhundla ecaleni kwerekhodi ebhaliweyo yokuba ngubani ekufuneka asebenze kunye ukuyisusa. Ubukho nolawulo, bungqinwa endaweni yokuba kuthiwe. Inzuzo yolawulo kunye nenzuzo yophicotho-zincwadi iye yaba yinto enye ebonwa kwizitulo ezibini.
Isitshixo sesithathu, kwimeko yam, sibanjwe ngu-SimplB. Cela nawuphi na umnikezeli ukuba abambe umbuzo omnye kwaloo mithathu. Bayibambe phantsi kweyiphi ilayisensi? Kwenzeka ntoni kufikelelo lwakho ukuba abaphumeleli? Ngaba ungasifumana kwakhona isikhundla namhlanje ngaphandle kwabo?
Umbuzo womseki
Yonke ibhodi ethathe esi sigqibo iyazazi izinto eziguqukayo. Abalawuli abaza kuncina i-R5 yezigidi ze-capex line ngaphandle kokuqhwanyaza baya kutyhutyha indawo kanondyebo, kuba umntu obeke apho ebenyanisile iminyaka emithandathu kwaye wonke umntu osegumbini uyayazi loo nto.
Ummiselo oqhelekileyo wenkcubeko. Funa umlawuli ozimeleyo olungele ukutyhala. Yakha igumbi lebhodi apho umngeni wamkelekile.
Elo cebiso licela abantu ukuba babe nesibindi kucwangciso, olungelulo ulawulo nalo. Impendulo yolwakhiwo ithule kwaye ithembeke ngakumbi: yakha ilungiselelo ukuze isenzo esisecaleni komseki singafumaneki ngokobuchwephesha kwasekuqaleni. Akukho mntu kufuneka abe nesibindi. Akukho mntu kufuneka abe nencoko enzima ngelona xesha libi kakhulu. Umseki ugcina ukukholelwa okufumene inkampani apha. Inkampani ilahlekelwa linqaku elinye lokungaphumeleli elize linamathele kuyo.
Ukuqiniseka akuzange kube yingxaki
Inkolelo yi-asethi. Iseti enye yeziqinisekiso lityala. Aba babini badibana rhoqo kuba umntu omnye uhlala ebambe zombini. Iibhodi zigqiba ukuxoxa ngenkolelo xa into efuna ukuqwalaselwa ziziqinisekiso.
Akukho nto kule ngxabano efuna ukuba ibhodi yakho ikholelwe ngaphantsi. Ifuna ukuba inkampani yakhiwe ukuze ukukholelwa nokusebenza kube ziziganeko ezahlukeneyo, ngasinye sigunyaziswe saso. Yonke into abalawuli bakho banenkxalabo malunga nayo xa bexhalabile ngeBitcoin isezantsi komntu omnye okwaziyo ukwenza zombini kanye kanye.
Ke xa uphinda uphonononga isikhundla, qala apha. Ngubani onokuyihambisa namhlanje, eyedwa, ngaphambi kokuba nabani na ongomnye azi? Yonke enye into kwipolisi yakho ilandela kuloo mpendulo.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ingakanani i-Bitcoin ekufuneka inkampani ibambe kwiphepha layo lomncono?
Akukho mzobo wendalo yonke, kwaye nawuphi na umcebisi onikezela omnye ngaphandle kokubona iminqophiso yakho uyaqikelela. Owona mbuzo uluncedo ngakumbi ngumbuzo wokubulawa: ukuba isikhundla bekufuneka sincitshiswe ukukhusela inkampani, ngubani oza kuvuma, kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani kwaye nabani na umntu angakuthintela. Isikhundla ibhodi yakho engenako ukwenza kuyo igqithise nakweyiphi na ipesenti.
Ngaba umgaqo-nkqubo kanondyebo obhaliweyo wanele ukonelisa abaphicothi-zincwadi bethu?
Hayi. Umgaqo-nkqubo ungqina injongo. Abaphicothi-zincwadi bafuna ubungqina bokubakho kunye nobungqina bolawulo kwi-asethi ngomhla wokunika ingxelo, apho uxwebhu olungenako ukunika. Ilungiselelo lokugcinwa kunye nemilinganiselo echaziweyo yokusayina kunye nomsayini ozimeleyo ozimeleyo unika umphicothi-zincwadi wakho into yokuhlola.
Kutheni ungabambeli nje iBitcoin kutshintshiselwano olulawulwayo?
Iindawo ezinzulu zibonelela ngeenjini zomgaqo-nkqubo kunye neekhoram zokusayina, ngoko ke inkcaso ayikokuba utshintshiselwano alukwazi ukunyanzelisa imithetho yakho. Kukuba iBitcoin yakho ihleli apho njengebango ngokuchasene nomntu wesithathu endaweni ye-asethi oyilawulayo, umahluko endiwubeke kuwo. ukuzigcina kuthelekiswa notshintshiselwano ngokugcina. Ukuba loo ndawo iyasilela, isikhundla sakho siba ngumgca wokutshona komnye umntu nangona iimvume zakho ziqwalaselwe kakuhle.
Ngaba ivault enezityikityo ezininzi ithetha ukuba siphulukana nolawulo lweBitcoin yethu?
Hayi. Inkampani ibambe izitshixo ezibini kwezithathu, ngoko ke iyakwazi ukubuyisela kwakhona kwaye ihambise indawo yayo ngaphandle komntu wesithathu. Into ehambayo kukukwazi kwakhe nawuphi na umntu omnye, umseki okanye i-CFO okanye nabani na ongomnye, ukwenza ngaphandle kogunyaziso lwesibini. I-caveat inobunzima obuninzi kunokuqinisekiswa: oku kubamba kuphela ukuba izitshixo ezimbini zenkampani zihlala nabantu abahlukeneyo. Ukuba umntu omnye ulawula zombini, lugcino endaweni yolawulo.
Ithini indawo yolawulo lotshintshiselwano kwinkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika ebambe iBitcoin?
Ukungazinzanga. I-SARB kunye ne-SARS iphinda isebenze unyango kwaye isimangalo samva nje sithathiwe kwisibheno, ngoko ke akukho nto ikhoyo ngoku ejikelezayo kufuneka ithathwe njengokugqibela. Nayiphi na imeko yequmrhu kufuneka ithathe ingcebiso yangoku, ethe ngqo kunokuxhomekeka kufundo jikelele. Ulwakhiwo kufuneka lwakhiwe ukuze lukwazi ukwamkela utshintsho kwimithetho.
Umseki wethu wasiqhuba esi sigqibo. Ngaba yingxaki yolawulo leyo?
Kuphela ukuba isakhiwo sixhomekeke ekuzithibeni komsunguli. I-exposure ihleli kwi-signature yegunya elinye kunenkolelo yakhe nabani na. Abo babini baphathwa njengengxaki enye kuba ngokuqhelekileyo bahlala kumntu omnye. Bahlule kwaye ibhodi igcina isigwebo somsunguli ngelixa isusa indlela apho usuku olubi lunokubiza ngayo inkampani isikhundla sayo. Book a call ukwakha ukugcinwa kweshishini.
Imithombo
UMthetho weeNkampani wama-71 ka-2008, amacandelo 76 nelama-77, malunga nokuziphatha kwabalawuli, umthetho wesigwebo seshishini kunye noxanduva lomntu. IKomiti yoToliko ye-IFRS, i-Holdings ye-Cryptocurrencies (ngoJuni 2019), ichaza i-Imali yekhripto njenge-IAS 38 ye-asethi engabonakaliyo, kunye ne-IAS 2 unyango apho ibanjwe khona ukuthengiswa kwikhosi eqhelekileyo. I-FASB ASU 2023-08, unyango lwexabiso elifanelekileyo lase-US olungafikeleli kwiintatheli ze-IFRS zaseMzantsi Afrika.
I-Standard Bank of South Africa v South African Reserve Bank kunye nezinye (047643/2023) [2025] ZAGPPHC 481, phantsi kwesibheno. I-FSCA iSaziso Jikelele 1350 ye-19 Oktobha 2022, kunye nolawulo lwe-CASP olusebenzayo ukususela ngo-1 Juni 2023. I-King IV, i-Principle 11, kulawulo lomngcipheko.
// eli nqaku lenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo ngokubanzi kuphela kwaye alibandakanyi ingcebiso yolawulo lwemali, yezomthetho, yerhafu okanye yotshintshiselwano. ulwazi lubonisa indawo yolawulo ukususela ngomhla wokupapashwa. iimeko zakho ngabanye zinokwahluka kwaye kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zobungcali abaqeqeshiweyo phambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo.
Ngaba ufuna ukukhusela iBitcoin yakho ngokufanelekileyo?
I-SimplB inceda iinkampani zaseMzantsi Afrika zibambe i-Bitcoin kwi-2-of-3 yokugcinwa kwe-multisig, kunye nesakhiwo sokutyikitya ibhodi yakho inokunyanzelisa, njengoMmeli we-Juristic we-CAEP Asset Managers (FSP 33933).
Bhukisha umnxeba wogcino